Factors associated with seasonal influenza immunization among church-going older African Americans

Abstract

Objectives: Churches and faith institutions can frequently influence health behaviors among older African Americans. The church is a centerpiece of spiritual and social life among African American congregants. We explored its influence on influenza immunization coverage during the 2012-2013 influenza season.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among congregation members ages 50-89 years from six churches in the Atlanta region in 2013-2014. We computed descriptive statistics, bivariate associations, and multivariable models to examine factors associated with immunization uptake among this population.

Results: Of 208 study participants, 95 (45.7%) reported receiving the influenza vaccine. Logistic regression showed that increased trust in their healthcare providers' vaccine recommendations was a positive predictor of vaccination among participants who had not experienced discrimination in a faith-based setting (OR: 14.8 [3.7, 59.8]), but was not associated with vaccination for participants who had experienced such discrimination (OR: 1.5 [0.2, 7.0]). Belief in vaccine-induced influenza illness (OR: 0.1 [0.05, 0.23]) was a negative predictor of influenza vaccination.

Conclusion: Members of this older cohort of African Americans who expressed trust in their healthcare providers' vaccine recommendations and disbelief in vaccine-induced influenza were more likely to obtain seasonal influenza immunization. They were also more likely to act on their trust of healthcare provider's vaccine recommendations if they did not encounter negative influenza immunization attitudes within the church. Having healthcare providers address negative influenza immunization attitudes and disseminate vaccine information in a culturally appropriate manner within the church has the potential to enhance future uptake of influenza vaccination.

Keywords: African Americans; Churches; Disparities; Influenza; Vaccination.