Risk factors for hospital death in patients with acute aortic dissection

Abstract

Background: To determine the risk factors leading to hospital death with acute aortic dissection (AAD) patients and then to develop a simple risk prediction model to identify patients at increased risk of hospital death.

Methods: A total of 360 patients with AAD were enrolled. Thirty risk factors were used in the statistical analysis for predicting hospital death. Risk factors for hospital death were investigated with univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: The hospital mortality rate was 21.4% (77 of 360 patients). Univariate analysis revealed 12 risk factors to be statistically significant predictors of hospital death (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that type A (OR, 10.53; P=0.001), hypotension (OR, 5.72; P=0.04), syncope (OR, 8.24; P=0.03), ischaemic complications (OR, 4.67; P=0.05), renal dysfunction (OR, 31.32; P<0.001), and neutrophil percentage ≥80% (OR, 5.67; P=0.01) were significant predictors of in-hospital death. With the simple prediction model, a total score of 4 offered the best point value.

Conclusions: Independent risk factors for hospital death can be predicted with AAD patients. The risk prediction model could be used to identify the prognosis and to quickly determine the therapeutic technique for AAD patients.

Keywords: Acute; Aortic dissection; Complication; Hospital mortality; Risk factors.