Continuous naloxone administration suppresses opiate withdrawal symptoms in human opiate addicts during detoxification treatment

Abstract

In a small clinical trial, a new therapeutic approach was studied, whether naloxone, in high dosage over a prolonged period of time, will attenuate withdrawal symptoms in acute opiate detoxification. Six opiate addicts, satisfying DSM III-R criteria of opiate dependence, were given 10 mg naloxone under short barbiturate anaesthesia, followed by repeated doses of 0.4 mg/h naloxone for at least 72 h. Acute onset of withdrawal symptoms brought about a high dose of naloxone could be suppressed by the short barbiturate anaesthetic; neither continuous supply nor cessation of the naloxone regimen after 96 h caused any severe withdrawal symptoms. Morphine and naloxone measurements in blood at the start of naloxone therapy enabled pharmacokinetic explanations for this paradoxical action of naloxone to be excluded.