Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2015 Jan;61(1):25-31.
doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2014.223016. Epub 2014 Dec 4.

Nanopore sequencing: from imagination to reality

Hagan Bayley  1
Affiliations

Nanopore sequencing: from imagination to reality

Hagan Bayley. Clin Chem. 2015 Jan.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement: Hagan Bayley is the Founder, a Director and a share-holder of Oxford Nanopore Technologies, a company engaged in the development of stochastic sensing and nanopore sequencing technology. Work in the Bayley laboratory at the University of Oxford is supported in part by Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Work on this review was not supported by Oxford Nanopore Technologies and the opinions expressed in it are the author's.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Stochastic sensing with nanopores
A), Sensing with the αHL pore. The current carried by aqueous ions through an individual pore is monitored. Analytes binding at a site within the pore lumen are detected through a transient change in the current. Binding sites can be formed by: B), genetic engineering, C), targeted chemical modification, e.g. with a molecule adapter (as shown). Large analytes can be detected by a ligand presented outside the pore lumen: D), ligand on a polymer chain. E), Covalent chemical reactions occurring within the pore can also be detected. Here a single reactive thiol group is shown. Adapted from (5).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Nanopore strand sequencing
A), Basis of nanopore sequencing. ssDNA is fed through an individual protein pore by an enzyme that handles dsDNA. The sequence is determined by analysis of fluctuations in the ionic current. B), Early base identification experiments. ssDNAs were suspended in an αHL pore by attachment to streptavidin to mimic the ratcheting motion of the enzyme. The bases G, A, T and C in a DNA hetero-oligomer each gave a different residual ionic current. Adapted from (25).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. MinION data from the access program
A), The first accessible sequence, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 910: released on twitter on 11th June 2014 by N. Loman, University of Birmingham. B), Ionic current data from the MinION in the form of a “wiggle plot” (32).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Tobkes N, Wallace BA, Bayley H. Secondary structure and assembly mechanism of an oligomeric channel protein. Biochemistry. 1985;24:1915–20. - PubMed
    1. Bayley H. Membrane-protein structure: Piercing insights. Nature. 2009;459:651–2. - PubMed
    1. Song L, et al. Structure of staphylococcal α-hemolysin, a heptameric transmembrane pore. Science. 1996;274:1859–65. - PubMed
    1. Braha O, et al. Designed protein pores as components for biosensors. Chem Biol. 1997;4:497–505. - PubMed
    1. Bayley H, Cremer PS. Stochastic sensors inspired by biology. Nature. 2001;413:226–30. 2001. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms