Modeling acute traumatic injury
- PMID: 25481528
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.10.025
Modeling acute traumatic injury
Abstract
Acute traumatic injury is a complex disease that has remained a leading cause of death, which affects all ages in our society. Direct mechanical insult to tissues may result in physiological and immunologic disturbances brought about by blood loss, coagulopathy, as well as ischemia and reperfusion insults. This inappropriate response leads to an abnormal release of endogenous mediators of inflammation that synergistically contribute to the incidence of morbidity and mortality. This aberrant activation and suppression of the immune system follows a bimodal pattern, wherein activation of the innate immune responses is followed by an anti-inflammatory response with suppression of the adaptive immunity, which can subsequently lead secondary insults and multiple organ dysfunction. Traumatic injury rodent and swine models have been used to describe many of the underlying pathologic mechanisms, which have led to an improved understanding of the morbidity and mortality associated with critically ill trauma patients. The enigmatic immunopathology of the human immunologic response after severe trauma, however, has never more been apparent and there grows a need for a clinically relevant animal model, which mimics this immune physiology to enhance the care of the most severely injured. This has necessitated preclinical studies in a more closely related model system, the nonhuman primate. In this review article, we summarize animal models of trauma that have provided insight into the clinical response and understanding of cellular mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as describe future treatment options using immunomodulation-based strategies.
Keywords: Acute traumatic injury; Animal models; Hemorrhagic shock; Polytrauma; Resuscitation.
Published by Elsevier Inc.
Similar articles
-
The role of toll-like receptor-4 in the development of multi-organ failure following traumatic haemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.Injury. 2012 Feb;43(2):129-36. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.05.032. Injury. 2012. PMID: 21689818 Review.
-
Animal models for trauma research: what are the options?Shock. 2009 Jan;31(1):3-10. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31817fdabf. Shock. 2009. PMID: 18636048 Review.
-
Acute coagulopathy in pediatric trauma.Curr Opin Pediatr. 2014 Jun;26(3):343-9. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000086. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2014. PMID: 24732564 Review.
-
Neutrophil priming and activation in the pathogenesis of postinjury multiple organ failure.New Horiz. 1996 May;4(2):194-210. New Horiz. 1996. PMID: 8774796
-
Immunologic responses to critical injury and sepsis.J Intensive Care Med. 2006 May-Jun;21(3):160-72. doi: 10.1177/0885066605284330. J Intensive Care Med. 2006. PMID: 16672638 Review.
Cited by
-
The Reversal of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Animal Models.Shock. 2017 Aug;48(2):144-158. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000848. Shock. 2017. PMID: 28471371 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Mesoporous Core-Cone Silica Nanoparticles Can Deliver miRNA-26a to Macrophages to Exert Immunomodulatory Effects on Osteogenesis In Vitro.Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 May 29;13(11):1755. doi: 10.3390/nano13111755. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37299658 Free PMC article.
-
Key early proinflammatory signaling molecules encapsulated within circulating exosomes following traumatic injury.J Inflamm (Lond). 2022 May 12;19(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12950-022-00303-0. J Inflamm (Lond). 2022. PMID: 35551611 Free PMC article.
-
Unbiased gene expression analysis of the delayed fracture healing observed in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.Bone Joint Res. 2023 Oct 17;12(10):657-666. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.1210.BJR-2023-0062.R1. Bone Joint Res. 2023. PMID: 37844909 Free PMC article.
-
Resuscitation with whole blood or blood components improves survival and lessens the pathophysiological burden of trauma and haemorrhagic shock in a pre-clinical porcine model.Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2023 Feb;49(1):227-239. doi: 10.1007/s00068-022-02050-6. Epub 2022 Jul 27. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2023. PMID: 35900383 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical