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Review
. 2014 Dec:45:635-43.
doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.03.056. Epub 2014 Apr 16.

Near-infrared upconversion nanoparticles for bio-applications

Qing Qing Dou  1 , Hong Chen Guo  1 , Enyi Ye  2
Affiliations
Review

Near-infrared upconversion nanoparticles for bio-applications

Qing Qing Dou et al. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2014 Dec.

Abstract

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) attract intensive attentions in biomedical applications. They have shown great potential in bioimaging, biomolecule detection, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy and cellular molecules interactions. Due to the anti-Stokes optical property and NIR excitation, UCNs overcome the drawbacks encountered in conventional luminescent biomarkers. High signal to noise ratio, low cytotoxicity and stable high throughput results are obtained using UCNs as luminescent labels or light triggers in biomedical applications. In this review article, the reason for choosing UCNs as biomedical agents, the progress of the UCNs development and case studies of their biomedical applications will be discussed.

Keywords: Multi-modality; NIR upconversion; Photo activation; Photodynamic therapy.

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