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. 2014:2014:163174.
doi: 10.1155/2014/163174. Epub 2014 Nov 23.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed culture of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius L.) juice: synergism in the aroma compounds production

Pedro Ulises Bautista-Rosales  1 , Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez  2 , Gabriela Ruiz-Montañez  2 , Rosa Isela Ortiz-Basurto  2 , Guadalupe Luna-Solano  3 , Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo  2
Affiliations

Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed culture of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius L.) juice: synergism in the aroma compounds production

Pedro Ulises Bautista-Rosales et al. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014.

Abstract

Blackberry (Rubus sp.) juice was fermented using four different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Vitilevure-CM4457, Enoferm-T306, ICV-K1, and Greroche Rhona-L3574) recognized because of their use in the wine industry. A medium alcoholic graduation spirit (<6°GL) with potential to be produced at an industrial scale was obtained. Alcoholic fermentations were performed at 28°C, 200 rpm, and noncontrolled pH. The synergistic effect on the aromatic compounds production during fermentation in mixed culture was compared with those obtained by monoculture and physic mixture of spirits produced in monoculture. The aromatic composition was determined by HS-SPME-GC. The differences in aromatic profile principally rely on the proportions in aromatic compounds and not on the number of those compounds. The multivariance analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and factorial discriminant analysis (DFA) permit to demonstrate the synergism between the strains.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal component analysis map of spirit groups: monoculture, physical mixed spirits (Spirits mixture), and mixed culture.
Figure 2
Figure 2
DFA map of spirit groups: monoculture, physical mixed spirits (Spirit mixture), and mixed culture.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (CM4457 and L3574), physical mixed spirits (Spirits mixture), and mixed culture with strains CM4457 and L3574.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Principal component analysis score plot for treatments in monoculture, physical mixed spirits, and mixed culture with strains CM4457 and L3574 (3-methylbutyl acetate (3MBA), 1-methylbutyl propanoate (1MBP), decanoic acid (ADEC), and dodecanoic acid (ADOD)).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (CM4457 and T306), physical mixed spirits (Spirits mixture), and mixed culture with strains CM4457 and T306.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Principal component analysis score plot for treatments in monoculture, physical mixed spirits, and mixed culture with strains CM4457 and T306 (1-methylbutyl propanoate (1MBP), 3-methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate (3MB3MB), 3-phenyl-2-propenal (3F2P), (E)-4-[(5R)-5,6,6-trimethylcyclohexene-1-il]but-3-en-2-one (BI), and ethyl dodecanoate (EL)).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (ICV K1 and CM4457), physical mixed spirits (Spirit mixtures), and mixed culture with strains ICV K1 and CM4457.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Principal component analysis score plot for treatments in monoculture, physical mixed spirits, and mixed culture with strains ICV K1 and CM4457 (3-methyl-1-butanol (3M1B), 3-methylbutyl propanoate (3MBP), 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (GER), 3-methylbutyl butanoate (3MBB), 3-methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate (3MB3MB), 3-phenyl-2-propenal (3F2P), and dodecanoic acid (ADOD)).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (ICV K1 and L3574), physical mixed spirits (Spirits mixture), and mixed culture with strains ICV K1 and L3574.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (L3574 and T306), physical mixed spirits (Spirits mixture), and mixed culture with strains L3574 and T306. Axes 1 and 5.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Principal component analysis map of treatments in monoculture (T306 and CM4457), physical mixed spirits (Spirit mixture), and mixed culture with strains T306 and CM4457.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Principal component analysis score plot for treatments in monoculture, physical mixed spirits, and mixed culture with strains T306 and CM4457 (benzaldehyde (BZD), 2-methylpropyl butanoate (2MPB), 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (GER), 3-phenyl-2-propenal (3F2P), butyl-2-buthyriloxypropanoate (B2BOP), and 5-pentiloxan-2-one (N4O)).
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