Dose-response and time-course of α-tocoferol mediating the cytoprotection of dental pulp cells against hydrogen peroxide

Abstract

This in vitro study evaluated the potential protective effect of vitamin E alpha-tocopherol (α-T) isomer against the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide (HP) applied on dental pulp cells. Odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells were seeded on 96-well plates for 72 h, treated with different concentrations of α-T (1, 3, 5, and 10 mM) for different times (1, 4, 8, and 24 h) and then exposed or not to a 0.018% HP solution for 30 min. In positive and negative control groups, cells were exposed to HP or culture medium (DMEM containing 5% DMSO), respectively. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay and the absorbance numeric data, expressed as percentage values, were subjected to the statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=5%). Considering the cells in the negative control as having 100% of cell viability, all combinations of α-T concentrations and pretreatment times showed a protective effect against HP cytotoxicity. Significant reduction of cell viability (59%) was observed in the positive control compared with the negative control. The highest values of pulp cell viability were obtained after pretreatment with 1 and 3 mM α-T concentrations for 24 h followed by exposure to HP (126% and 97% of cell viability, respectively). Under the tested conditions, the most effective cell protection against the cytotoxic effects of HP was provided by the lowest concentrations of α-T (1 and 3 mM) applied for 24 h.