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. 2014;4(2):9.
doi: 10.7603/s40681-014-0009-y. Epub 2014 Aug 6.

Genetic susceptibility to idiopathic membranous nephropathy in high-prevalence Area, Taiwan

Shih-Yin Chen  1 , Cheng-Hsu Chen  2 , Yu-Chuen Huang  3 , Chia-Jung Chan  4 , Da-Chung Chen  5 , Fuu-Jen Tsai  6
Affiliations

Genetic susceptibility to idiopathic membranous nephropathy in high-prevalence Area, Taiwan

Shih-Yin Chen et al. Biomedicine (Taipei). 2014.

Abstract

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) is one common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in adults; 25% of MN patients proceed to end-stage renal disease. In adults, membranous nephropathy is a lead cause of nephrotic syndrome, with about 75% of the cases idiopathic. Secondary causes include autoimmune disease, infection, drugs and malignancy. Three hypotheses about pathogenesis have surfaced: preformed immune complex, in situ immune complex formation, and auto-antibody against podocyte membrane antigen. Pathogenesis does involve immune complex formation with later deposition in sub-epithelial sites, but definite mechanism is still unknown. Several genes were recently proven associated with primary membranous nephropathy in Taiwan: IL-6, NPHS1, TLR-4, TLR-9, STAT4, and MYH9 . These may provide a useful tool for diagnosis and prognosis. This article reviews epidemiology and lends new information on KIRREL2 (rs443186 and rs447707) polymorphisms as underlying causes of MN; polymorphisms revealed by this study warrant further investigation.

Keywords: Haplotype; Membranous glomerulonephritis (MN); Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distributions of genotypic and allelic frequencies of polymorphisms in normal population in Taiwan.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
LD and haplotype block structure of genes associated with MN by different chromosomes: (a) Chr2 (b) Chr3 (c) Chr9 (d) Chr11 (e) Chr19 (f) Chr22. Color scheme of linkage disequilibrium LD map is based on standard D’/LOD option in Haploview software, LD blocks calculated based on CI method.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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