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Case Reports
. 2014 Dec 8:6:467-73.
doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S71933. eCollection 2014.

Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast presenting with hypoglycemia: a case report and literature review

Toni Pacioles  1 , Rahul Seth  2 , Cesar Orellana  3 , Ivy John  4 , Veera Panuganty  3 , Ruban Dhaliwal  5
Affiliations
Case Reports

Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast presenting with hypoglycemia: a case report and literature review

Toni Pacioles et al. Cancer Manag Res. .

Abstract

Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms that account for less than 1% of all breast tumors and are typically found in middle-aged women. Phyllodes tumors that present with hypoglycemia are even rarer. No one morphologic finding is reliable in predicting the clinical behavior of this tumor. Surgery has been the primary mode of treatment to date. However, the extent of resection and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy are still controversial. Here, we present a challenging case of malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast associated with hypoglycemia, and review the literature regarding clinical findings, pathologic risk factors for recurrence, and treatment recommendations.

Keywords: adjuvant treatment; breast cancer; fibroepithelial neoplasm; neuroendocrine tumor; non-islet cell tumor-induced hypoglycemia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A and B) Right chest wall mass measuring 29.5×26.0×14.0 cm that ulcerated the overlying skin and formed a fungating necrotic skin lesion.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sectioning revealed a nodular mass having a tan-white fleshy cut surface with both myxoid and fibrous areas, along with scattered areas of necrosis. The area corresponding to the fungating lesion had a necrotic rim with a hemorrhagic cut surface.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Microscopic examination of the resected specimen (10× magnification) showed a malignant phyllodes tumor with extensive stromal overgrowth (A). The stromal component varied in cellularity, with some areas (50× magnification) having a low-grade appearance (B), while others (50× magnification) had a more high-grade appearance with increased cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, and numerous mitotic figures (C).
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References

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