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Review
. 2014:2014:461534.
doi: 10.1155/2014/461534. Epub 2014 Dec 1.

Direct metal laser sintering titanium dental implants: a review of the current literature

F Mangano  1 , L Chambrone  2 , R van Noort  3 , C Miller  4 , P Hatton  3 , C Mangano  1
Affiliations
Review

Direct metal laser sintering titanium dental implants: a review of the current literature

F Mangano et al. Int J Biomater. 2014.

Abstract

Statement of Problem. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a technology that allows fabrication of complex-shaped objects from powder-based materials, according to a three-dimensional (3D) computer model. With DMLS, it is possible to fabricate titanium dental implants with an inherently porous surface, a key property required of implantation devices. Objective. The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence for the reliability of DMLS titanium dental implants and their clinical and histologic/histomorphometric outcomes, as well as their mechanical properties. Materials and Methods. Electronic database searches were performed. Inclusion criteria were clinical and radiographic studies, histologic/histomorphometric studies in humans and animals, mechanical evaluations, and in vitro cell culture studies on DMLS titanium implants. Meta-analysis could be performed only for randomized controlled trials (RCTs); to evaluate the methodological quality of observational human studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used. Results. Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. No RCTs were found, and meta-analysis could not be performed. The outcomes of observational human studies were assessed using the NOS: these studies showed medium methodological quality. Conclusions. Several studies have demonstrated the potential for the use of DMLS titanium implants. However, further studies that demonstrate the benefits of DMLS implants over conventional implants are needed.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of manuscripts screened through the review process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Methodological quality of included observational studies (stars assigned to respective study).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Scanning electron microscopy of the DMLS implant surface. The DMLS surface is irregular with ridge-like and globular protrusions, interspersed by intercommunicating pores and irregular crevices. The alternation of rounded features, narrow crevices, and deep indents is particularly evident (120x).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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