Intratesticular epidermoid cyst masquerading as testicular torsion

Abstract

Epidermoid cysts are benign tumors that comprise approximately 1% of all testicular masses. They usually present as painless masses that can be identified on scrotal ultrasound as well-demarcated intratesticular lesions with mixed echogenicity. This case report describes a rare presentation of an extremely large intratesticular epidermoid cyst with clinical and radiologic findings more consistent with testicular torsion. The sizeable cyst obliterated the surrounding testicular parenchyma, causing it to appear on scrotal Doppler ultrasound as a testicle devoid of blood flow. This obliteration also resulted in failure to identify a testicular mass on physical examination or imaging. The current literature contains previous reports of extratesticular epidermoid cysts presenting as torsion; however, this is the first report of an intratesticular epidermoid cyst presenting in this manner. Though smaller cysts may be managed effectively with testicular-sparing surgery, optimal management of a cyst this size requires orchiectomy.

Keywords: Acute testicular pain; Doppler ultrasound; Epidermoid cyst; Intratesticular; Testicular torsion.

Figure 1

Doppler ultrasound revealed an enlarged right testicle devoid of blood flow. The left testicle appeared normal.

Figure 2

The right testicle was nearly entirely comprised of caseous, keratinous debris, the contents of a typical epidermoid cyst.