A prospective study on the effectiveness of newly developed autogenous tooth bone graft material for sinus bone graft procedure

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newly developed autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT)application for sinus bone graft procedure.

Materials and methods: The patients with less than 5.0 mm of residual bone height in maxillary posterior area were enrolled. For the sinus bone graft procedure, Bio-Oss was grafted in control group and AutoBT powder was grafted in experimental group. Clinical and radiographic examination were done for the comparison of grafted materials in sinus cavity between groups. At 4 months after sinus bone graft procedure, biopsy specimens were analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric examination for the evaluation of healing state of bone graft site.

Results: In CT evaluation, there was no difference in bone density, bone height and sinus membrane thickness between groups. In microCT analysis, there was no difference in total bone volume, new bone volume, bone mineral density of new bone between groups. There was significant difference trabecular thickness (0.07 µm in Bio-Oss group Vs. 0.08 µm in AutoBT group) (P=.006). In histomorphometric analysis, there was no difference in new bone formation, residual graft material, bone marrow space between groups. There was significant difference osteoid thickness (8.35 µm in Bio-Oss group Vs. 13.12 µm in AutoBT group) (P=.025).

Conclusion: AutoBT could be considered a viable alternative to the autogenous bone or other bone graft materials in sinus bone graft procedure.

Keywords: Bio-Oss; Sinus; Tooth.

Fig. 1

Measurement of bone density by Simplant software.

Fig. 2

Measurement of bone height by Simplant software.

Fig. 3

Measurement of sinus membrane thickness by INFINITT PACS software.

Fig. 4

MicroCT image.

Fig. 5

Matured lamellar bone showing bony integration between residual bone and maxillary sinus was detected. Bone formation was found surrounding both enamel and dentin portion of AutoBT material. New bone bridges between graft materials were also detected (Masson's trichrome staining, ×35).

Fig. 6

Newly-formed and matured lamellar bone was detected surrounding AutoBT material, osteoblasts covering newly-formed bone accumulated osteoid. Active woven bone formation was also detected. Medullary space formation composed of well vascularized connective tissue was also detected within new bone (Masson's trichrome staining, ×400).