[Clinical perspectives of the study of RANK/RANKL/OPG system components in primary and metastatic bone tumor]

Abstract

Disbalance of bone homeostasis, associated with malfunctioning of RANK/RANKL/OPG system underlies the oncological processes such as the destruction of bone, metastasis development, tumor progression. Pathological activity of system was described in such conditions, as breast cancer, prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, squamous cell carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease, and also metastasis in bones from lung cancer and other malignant diseases. In the literature, there is evidence of involvement of RANK/RANKL/OPG system in the pathogenesis of bone tumors (osteosarcoma, giant cell tumor of bone, chondroblastoma). Experimental data show that RANKL inhibitors can play a role in reducing tumor-induced lesions of bone in multiple myeloma, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Also this review presents data from clinical studies of the drug efficacy targeted on RANK/RANKL/OPG system and results of authors' study of the levels of this system's components and proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum of primary bone sarcoma patients.