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. 2014 Nov 1;9(21):1933-8.
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.145365.

Hot spots and future directions of research on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine

Runhui Li  1
Affiliations

Hot spots and future directions of research on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine

Runhui Li. Neural Regen Res. .

Abstract

Calcium antagonists are widely used in the clinical treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease because of their vascular and neuroprotective effects. Nimodipine, a typical calcium antagonist, can cross the blood-brain barrier and act selectively at neurons and blood vessels of target tissues, thus exerting neuroprotective effects. The aim of the present study was to explore the hot spots and future trends of research on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine. We retrieved 425 articles on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine that were indexed in the Web of the Science database between 2000 and 2014. The retrieved articles were analyzed using document analysis reporting and the derived information function in the Web of Science, and the information visualization software CiteSpace III. The reference co-citation network was plotted, and the high frequency key words in these publications were used to analyze the research fronts and development trends for nimodipine neuroprotection. According to these co-citation clusters, the research front of nimodipine neuroprotection is the use of randomized controlled trials to study nimodipine intervention of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Using time zone view analysis on hot spots labeled with a key word, the areas of interest in the field of nimodipine neuroprotection are nimodipine pharmacology and therapeutics, blood-brain barrier, trials, and anti-angiospasm.

Keywords: CiteSpace; Web of Science; development trends; ischemic cerebrovascular disease; nerve regeneration; neuroprotection; nimodipine; research fronts; scientific mapping; visualization.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Yearly output of publications on the neuroprotective effect of nimodipine indexed in the Web of Science during 2000–2014.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of publications indexed in the Web of Science between 2000 and 2014 on the neuroprotective effect of nimodipine across different countries. I: China; II: USA; III: Germany; IV: India; V: Turkey; VI: Italy; VII: Canada; VIII: Brazil; IX: South Korea; X: Greece.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Authors of the most articles on the neuroprotective effect of nimodipine, indexed in the Web of Science database in 2000–2014. I: Tang X; II: Xie L; III: Stulzer HK; IV: Ray SB; V: Liu XD; VI: Krishna-iah YSR; VII: Georgarakis E; VIII: Bhaskar P; IX: Wang SL; X: Steiger HJ; XI: Scheller C; XII: Satyanarayana V; XIII: Riekes MK; XIV: He HD; XV: Hanggi D.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Institutions publishing the most articles on the neuroprotective effect of nimodipine, indexed in the Web of Science database in 2000–2014. I: Shenyang Pharmaceut Univ; II: China Pharmaceut Univ; III: Univ Dusseldorf; IV: Postgrad Inst Med Educ Res; V: Aristotle Univ Thes-saloniki; VI: Univ Toronto; VII: Andhra Univ; VIII: Univ Munich; IX: Univ Fed Santa Catarina; X: All India Inst Med Sci.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Funding sources for published studies on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine, indexed by the Web of Science database during 2000–2014. I: National Natural Science Foundation of China; II: National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program); III: Conselho Nacional De Desenvolvimento Cientifico E Tecnologico Cnpq; IV: National Nature Science Foundation of China; V: Project for Excellent Talents of Liaoning Province; VI: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; VII: Key Project For Drug Innovation of China; VIII: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Orise; IX: NIH; X: Major National Platform for Innovative Pharmaceuticals; XI: Kyung Hee University; XII: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research Bmbf Ptj Bio; XIII: China Medical University; XIV: Bayer Vital Gmbh Leverkusen Germany.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Co-citaion-burst term visualization analysis network knowledge map.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Literature-coword network visualization map in the field of nimodipine neuroprotection.
Figure 8
Figure 8
High-frequency key words in publications on nimodipine neuroprotection.
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