[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obesity]

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological syndrome characterized by elevated intracranial pressure in the absence of intracerebral abnormalities or hydrocephalus.

Case description: A 17-year-old girl gained more than 25 kg in weight during treatment with risperidone and subsequently developed headache, diplopia and loss of vision due to IIH. After insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal drain and discontinuation of risperidone she lost weight and her symptoms improved. Her visual functions recovered almost fully during follow-up.

Conclusion: Patients with IIH are mainly overweight young women who present with raised intracranial pressure evidenced by headache, nausea, vomiting and vision disturbances. Prescribed medication-induced weight gain may lead to IIH. Treatment of IIH should be focused on the prevention of severe and irreversible loss of vision.