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. 2014 Oct;59(10 Suppl 1):S19-26.
doi: 10.1177/070674371405901s06.

Key ingredients of anti-stigma programs for health care providers: a data synthesis of evaluative studies

Stephanie Knaak  1 , Geeta Modgill  1 , Scott B Patten  2
Affiliations

Key ingredients of anti-stigma programs for health care providers: a data synthesis of evaluative studies

Stephanie Knaak et al. Can J Psychiatry. 2014 Oct.

Abstract
in English, French

Objective: As part of its ongoing effort to combat stigma against mental illness among health care providers, the Mental Health Commission of Canada partnered with organizations conducting anti-stigma interventions. Our objective was to evaluate program effectiveness and to better understand what makes some programs more effective than others. Our paper reports the elements of these programs found to be most strongly associated with favourable outcomes.

Methods: Our study employed a multi-phased, mixed-methods design. First, a grounded theory qualitative study was undertaken to identify key program elements. Next, each program (n = 22) was coded according to the presence or absence of the identified key program ingredients. Then, random-effects, meta-regression modelling was used to examine the association between program outcomes and the key ingredients.

Results: The qualitative analysis led to a 6-ingredient model of key program elements. Results of the quantitative analysis showed that programs that included all 6 of these ingredients performed significantly better than those that did not. Individual analyses of each of the 6 ingredients showed that including multiple forms of social contact and emphasizing recovery were characteristics of the most effective programs.

Conclusions: The results provide a validation of a 6-ingredient model of key program elements for anti-stigma programming for health care providers. Emphasizing recovery and including multiple types of social contact are of particular importance for maximizing the effectiveness of anti-stigma programs for health care providers.

Objectif :: Dans le cadre de son initiative courante pour combattre les stigmates attachés à la maladie mentale parmi les pourvoyeurs de services de santé, la Commission de la santé mentale du Canada a formé des partenariats avec des organisations qui effectuent des interventions anti-stigmatisation. Notre objectif était d’évaluer l’efficacité des programmes et de comprendre ce qui rend certains programmes plus efficaces que d’autres. Notre article présente les éléments de ces programmes qui se sont révélés les plus fortement associés à des résultats favorables.

Méthodes :: Notre étude a employé une méthodologie mixte multiphase. D’abord, une étude qualitative de théorie ancrée dans la pratique a été menée pour identifier les éléments clés des programmes. Puis, chaque programme (n = 22) a été codé selon la présence ou l’absence des ingrédients clés identifiés dans les programmes. Ensuite, une modélisation à effets aléatoires de méta-régression a été utilisée pour examiner l’association entre les résultats des programmes et les ingrédients clés.

Résultats :: L’analyse qualitative a produit un modèle à 6 ingrédients des éléments clés des programmes. Les résultats de l’analyse quantitative ont indiqué que les programmes qui comportaient tous ces 6 ingrédients avaient un rendement significativement meilleur que ceux qui ne les avaient pas. Les analyses individuelles de chacun des 6 ingrédients ont révélé qu’inclure des formes multiples de contacts sociaux et de mettre l’accent sur le rétablissement étaient caractéristiques des programmes les plus efficaces.

Conclusions :: Les résultats procurent une validation d’un modèle à 6 ingrédients des éléments clés des programmes pour la programmation anti-stigmatisation des pourvoyeurs de services de santé. Mettre l’accent sur le rétablissement et inclure des formes multiples de contacts sociaux sont d’une importance particulière pour maximiser l’efficacité des programmes anti-stigmatisation pour les pourvoyeurs de services de santé.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Forest plot of mean difference in Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers score, all studies included
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of mean difference in Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers score, stratified according to whether studies included all 6 evaluated ingredients
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot of mean difference in Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers score, stratified according to whether studies included multiple forms of social contact
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of mean difference in Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers score, stratified according to whether studies emphasized and demonstrated recovery
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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