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. 2015 May;172(5):460-5.
doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14040480. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms as predictors of progression to severe Alzheimer's dementia and death: the Cache County Dementia Progression Study

Matthew E Peters  1 , Sarah Schwartz, Dingfen Han, Peter V Rabins, Martin Steinberg, Joann T Tschanz, Constantine G Lyketsos
Affiliations

Neuropsychiatric symptoms as predictors of progression to severe Alzheimer's dementia and death: the Cache County Dementia Progression Study

Matthew E Peters et al. Am J Psychiatry. 2015 May.

Abstract

Objective: Little is known about factors influencing the rate of progression of Alzheimer's dementia. Using data from the Cache County Dementia Progression Study, the authors examined the link between clinically significant neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild Alzheimer's dementia and progression to severe dementia or death.

Method: The Cache County Dementia Progression Study is a longitudinal study of dementia progression in incident cases of this condition. Survival analyses included unadjusted Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Hazard ratio estimates controlled for age at dementia onset, dementia duration at baseline, gender, education level, General Medical Health Rating, and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 genotype.

Results: Three hundred thirty-five patients with incident Alzheimer's dementia were studied. Sixty-eight (20%) developed severe dementia over the follow-up period. Psychosis (hazard ratio=2.007), agitation/aggression (hazard ratio=2.946), and any one clinically significant neuropsychiatric symptom (domain score ≥4, hazard ratio=2.682) were associated with more rapid progression to severe dementia. Psychosis (hazard ratio=1.537), affective symptoms (hazard ratio=1.510), agitation/aggression (hazard ratio=1.942), mildly symptomatic neuropsychiatric symptoms (domain score of 1-3, hazard ratio=1.448), and clinically significant neuropsychiatric symptoms (hazard ratio=1.951) were associated with earlier death.

Conclusions: Specific neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with shorter survival time from mild Alzheimer's dementia to severe dementia and/or death. The treatment of specific neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild Alzheimer's dementia should be examined for its potential to delay time to severe dementia or death.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier Plots for Agitation and Severe Dementia (left plot) and for Agitation and Death (right plot).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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