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Review
. 2015:66:373-86.
doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-070813-114317.

Treatment of recurrent and severe Clostridium difficile infection

J J Keller  1 , E J Kuijper
Affiliations
Review

Treatment of recurrent and severe Clostridium difficile infection

J J Keller et al. Annu Rev Med. 2015.

Abstract

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a serious complication of hospitalization and antibiotic use with a high mortality and very high costs. Despite appropriate treatment, a subset of patients develop chronic recurrent CDI. Some other patients develop severe and life-threatening colitis. The risk factors, pathogenesis, and treatment of recurrent CDI and severe CDI are discussed in this review. In particular, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a treatment strategy is outlined and a treatment algorithm incorporating FMT is described.

Keywords: donor feces; fidaxomicin; microbiota; transplantation.

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