Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Sep 5;16(9):e21346.
doi: 10.5812/ircmj.21346. eCollection 2014 Sep.

Nasal Carriage and Resistance Pattern of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Healthy Children in Kashan, Iran

Mahzad Erami  1 , Babak Soltani  2 , Abbas Taghavi Ardakani  2 , Alireza Moravveji  3 , Mostafa Haji Rezaei  4 , Siamak Soltani  5 , Rezvan Moniri  1
Affiliations

Nasal Carriage and Resistance Pattern of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Healthy Children in Kashan, Iran

Mahzad Erami et al. Iran Red Crescent Med J. .

Abstract

Background: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a substantial source of human infections. Detection and treatment of nasal carriage in children with methicillin-resistant and multidrug resistant S. aureus (MRSA and MDRSA, respectively) may be an important modality in prevention of infections.

Objectives: This study determined the prevalence, antibiotic resistance patterns and risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA among healthy children.

Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 350 one-month to 14-year-old healthy children in Kashan city, Iran. From all health-care centers, four were chosen by simple random sampling. Nasal samples were cultured in blood agar medium for S. aureus and antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined by disc diffusion and E-test. Risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA were also determined.

Results: A total of 92 (26.3%) S. aureus isolates were obtained, of which 33 (35.9%) were MRSA and 27 (29.3%) were MDRSA. Of MRSA strains, 19 (70.4%) were MDRSA. S. aureus isolates showed 52.2% resistance to cephalothin, 33.7% to co-trimoxazole, 26.1% to clindamycin, 26.1% to ciprofloxacin, 4.3% to vancomycin, and 35.9% to oxacillin. The risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA were antibiotic usage during the last three months (P = 0.006), family size of more than four members (P = 0.044), and parental smoking (P = 0.045).

Conclusions: MDRSA was not uncommon among healthy children in Kashan and prevention of its spread in the population is judicious.

Keywords: Carriers; Child; Healthy; Multidrug Resistance; Nasal; Staphylococcus aureus.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. David MZ, Daum RS. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology and clinical consequences of an emerging epidemic. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010;23(3):616–87. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00081-09. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wertheim HF, Vos MC, Ott A, van Belkum A, Voss A, Kluytmans JA, et al. Risk and outcome of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in nasal carriers versus non-carriers. Lancet. 2004;364(9435):703–5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16897-9. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mohajeri P, Gholamine B, Rezaei M, Khamisabadi Y. Frequency of Mupirocin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Nasal Carriers in Hospital Patients in Kermanshah. Jund J Microbiol. 1970;5(4):560–3. doi: 10.5812/jjm.4199. - DOI
    1. Kuehnert MJ, Kruszon-Moran D, Hill HA, McQuillan G, McAllister SK, Fosheim G, et al. Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in the United States, 2001-2002. J Infect Dis. 2006;193(2):172–9. doi: 10.1086/499632. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Soysal A, Sahin H, Yagci A, Barlan I, Bakir M. The low rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkish children. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2006;59(3):195–6. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources