Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Mar;105(3):530-7.
doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302260. Epub 2015 Jan 20.

A minimal intervention to promote smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers: a randomized controlled trial

Michelle C Kegler  1 , Lucja Bundy, Regine Haardörfer, Cam Escoffery, Carla Berg, Debbie Yembra, Matthew Kreuter, Mel Hovell, Rebecca Williams, Patricia Dolan Mullen, Kurt Ribisl, Donna Burnham
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

A minimal intervention to promote smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers: a randomized controlled trial

Michelle C Kegler et al. Am J Public Health. 2015 Mar.

Abstract

Objectives: We tested the efficacy of a minimal intervention to create smoke-free homes in low-income households recruited through the United Way of Greater Atlanta 2-1-1, an information and referral system that connects callers to local social services.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial (n=498) from June 2012 through June 2013, with follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The intervention consisted of 3 mailings and 1 coaching call.

Results: Participants were mostly smokers (79.7%), women (82.7%), African American (83.3%), and not employed (76.5%), with an annual household income of $10,000 or less (55.6%). At 6-months postbaseline, significantly more intervention participants reported a full ban on smoking in the home than did control participants (40.0% vs 25.4%; P=.002). The intervention worked for smokers and nonsmokers, as well as those with or without children.

Conclusions: Minimal intervention was effective in promoting smoke-free homes in low income households and offers a potentially scalable model for protecting children and adult nonsmokers from secondhand smoke exposure in their homes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01625468.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIGURE 1—
FIGURE 1—
Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials flow diagram for randomized controlled trial to create smoke-free homes: intervention to promote smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers, greater Atlanta area, GA, 2012.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Pirkle JL, Bernert JT, Caudill SP, Sosnoff CS, Pechacek TF. Trends in the exposure of nonsmokers in the US population to secondhand smoke: 1988–2002. Environ Health Perspect. 2006;114(6):853–858. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disparities in secondhand smoke exposure. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008;57(27):744–747. - PubMed
    1. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Tobacco Control. Lyon, France: World Health Organization; 2009. Evaluating the effectiveness of smoke-free policies; pp. 9–58.
    1. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General; 2006.
    1. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General; 2014.

Publication types

Substances

Associated data