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. 2013 Oct 24;1(2):15-20.
eCollection 2013 Apr-Jun.

Patellofemoral anatomy and biomechanics: current concepts

Stefano Zaffagnini  1 , David Dejour  2 , Alberto Grassi  1 , Tommaso Bonanzinga  1 , Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli  1 , Francesca Colle  1 , Federico Raggi  1 , Andrea Benzi  1 , Maurilio Marcacci  1
Affiliations

Patellofemoral anatomy and biomechanics: current concepts

Stefano Zaffagnini et al. Joints. .

Abstract

The patellofemoral joint, due to its particular bone anatomy and the numerous capsuloligamentous structures and muscles that act dynamically on the patella, is considered one of the most complex joints in the human body from the biomechanical point of view. The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) has been demonstrated to contribute 60% of the force that opposes lateral displacement of the patella, and MPFL injury results in an approximately 50% reduction in the force needed to dislocate the patella laterally with the knee extended. For this reason, recent years have seen a growing interest in the study of this important anatomical structure, whose aponeurotic nature has thus been demonstrated. The MPFL acts as a restraint during motion, playing an active role under conditions of laterally applied stress, but an only marginal role during natural knee flexion. However, it remains extremely difficult to clearly define the anatomy of the MPFL and its relationships with other anatomical structures.

Keywords: biomechanics; knee; medial patellofemoral ligament; patellar instability; patellofemoral joint.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Femoral and patellar MPFL insertion.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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