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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Oct;29(9):827-36.
doi: 10.1177/1545968314567150. Epub 2015 Jan 21.

The Effects of Highly Challenging Balance Training in Elderly With Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

David Conradsson  1 , Niklas Löfgren  2 , Håkan Nero  2 , Maria Hagströmer  3 , Agneta Ståhle  3 , Johan Lökk  3 , Erika Franzén  3
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of Highly Challenging Balance Training in Elderly With Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

David Conradsson et al. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2015 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Highly challenging exercises have been suggested to induce neuroplasticity in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its effect on clinical outcomes remains largely unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effects of the HiBalance program, a highly challenging balance-training regimen that incorporates both dual-tasking and PD-specific balance components, compared with usual care in elderly with mild to moderate PD.

Methods: Participants with PD (n = 100) were randomized, either to the 10-week HiBalance program (n = 51) or to the control group (n = 49). Participants were evaluated before and after the intervention. The main outcomes were balance performance (Mini-BESTest), gait velocity (during normal and dual-task gait), and concerns about falling (Falls Efficacy Scale-International). Performance of a cognitive task while walking, physical activity level (average steps per day), and activities of daily living were secondary outcomes.

Results: A total of 91 participants completed the study. After the intervention, the between group comparison showed significantly improved balance and gait performance in the training group. Moreover, although no significant between group difference was observed regarding gait performance during dual-tasking; the participants in the training group improved their performance of the cognitive task while walking, as compared with the control group. Regarding physical activity levels and activities of daily living, in comparison to the control group, favorable results were found for the training group. No group differences were found for concerns about falling.

Conclusions: The HiBalance program significantly benefited balance and gait abilities when compared with usual care and showed promising transfer effects to everyday living. Long-term follow-up assessments will further explore these effects.

Keywords: dual task; exercise; gait; physical activity; postural control.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
CONSORT flow diagram illustrating recruitment, randomization, and tracking of the participants over the course of the study.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
(A) Mini-BESTest score, (B) gait velocity (m/s), and (C) steps per day in the training group and control group at pre- and postintervention. Data are plotted as mean and standard error.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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