[Early detection of COPD in occupational medicine in the Alpes-Maritimes]

Abstract

Introduction: This study evaluated a standardized procedure aiming at early detection of COPD in a consecutive population of employees visiting occupational medicine.

Methods: A total of 2818 employees were included by 22 occupational physicians in 5 centers. Respiratory symptoms, smoking status, occupational exposures and socioprofessional categories were collected. Subjects with at least one symptom and/or risk factor underwent spirometry.

Results: In this population aged 39±12 years, 2603 patients were free of known asthma or COPD. The presence of at least one symptom was observed in 23.6 % of employees and was significantly associated with smoking status, occupational exposure to organic dust, gas fumes and vapors, and agriculture (P<0.0001). Airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 0.70) was detected in 1.7 % of 1605 employees who underwent spirometry. With the inclusion of known COPD subjects (n=22), the prevalence reached 2.38 %. COPD was significantly associated with smoking intensity. Information on subsequent diagnosis was obtained in only two cases. The quality of spirometry was inadequate in 30 % of cases. Thirty-three percent of detected COPD subjects did not report any respiratory symptoms.

Conclusion: The strategy used in this study (specific questionnaire plus spirometry) allowed detection of a few cases of previously undiagnosed COPD. Occupational physicians need specific training in spirometry and a better follow-up of care pathways is required to obtain diagnostic confirmation.

Keywords: BPCO; COPD; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Médecine du travail; Occupational medicine; Spirometry; Spirométrie.