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. 2014 Dec;68(6):402-6.
doi: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.402-406. Epub 2014 Dec 16.

Epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii

Amer Custovic  1 , Jasmina Smajlovic  2 , Nijaz Tihic  2 , Sadeta Hadzic  1 , Sead Ahmetagic  3 , Haris Hadzagic  4
Affiliations

Epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii

Amer Custovic et al. Med Arch. 2014 Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent cause of infections in hospitals around the world, which is very difficult to control and treat. It is particularly prevalent in intensive care wards.

Aim: The main objective of the research was to establish the application of epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections (NIs) caused by A. baumannii in order to determine: the type and distribution of NIs, and to investigate antimicrobial drug resistance of A. baumannii.

Material and methods: 855 patients treated at the Clinic of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University Clinical Center Tuzla during 2013 were followed prospectively for the development of NIs. Infections caused by A. baumannii were characterized by the anatomical site and antibiotics resistance profile.

Results: NIs were registered in 105 patients (12.3%; 855/105). The predominant cause of infection was A. baumannii with an incidence of 51.4% (54/105), followed by ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with 15.2% (16/105) of cases, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with 8.6% (9/105), and ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis with 7.6% (8/105). According to the anatomical site, and type of NIs caused by A. baumannii, the most frequent were respiratory infections (74.1%; 40/54). Infections of surgical sites were registered in 11.1% (6/54) of cases, while bloodstream infections in 9.2% (5/54). A. baumannii isolates tested resistant against most antibiotics examined, but showed a high degree of susceptibility to tobramycin (87%; 47/54) and colistin (100%; 54/54).

Conclusion: The increasing incidence of multi- and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. emphasizes the importance of administration of an adequate antibiotic strategy and the implementation of strict monitoring of the measures for controlling nosocomial infections.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; intensive care unit; multidrug resistance; nosocomial infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: NON DECLARED.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of bacterial pathogens of nosocomial infections at the Clinic of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, UCC Tuzla during 2013.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Frequency of different types of nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii at the Clinic of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, UCC Tuzla during 2013. Abbreviations: MRSA; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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