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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Jun 1;60(11):e80-9.
doi: 10.1093/cid/civ065. Epub 2015 Feb 11.

Prevalence and Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Aged 6 Months to 10 Years With Influenza-like Illness Enrolled in a Randomized Trial

Terry Nolan  1 , Charissa Borja-Tabora  2 , Pio Lopez  3 , Lily Weckx  4 , Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez  5 , Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce  6 , Angkool Kerdpanich  7 , Miguel Angel Rodriguez Weber  8 , Abiel Mascareñas de Los Santos  9 , Juan-Carlos Tinoco  10 , Marco Aurelio P Safadi  11 , Lim Fong Seng  12 , Marcela Hernandez-de Mezerville  5 , Idis Faingezicht  5 , Aurelio Cruz-Valdez  6 , Yang Feng  13 , Ping Li  14 , Serge Durviaux  13 , Gerco Haars  13 , Sumita Roy-Ghanta  14 , David W Vaughn  15 , Sylvia Taylor  13
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Prevalence and Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Aged 6 Months to 10 Years With Influenza-like Illness Enrolled in a Randomized Trial

Terry Nolan et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: The high burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated morbidity and mortality makes vaccine development a priority.

Methods: As part of an efficacy trial of pandemic influenza vaccines (NCT01051661), RSV epidemiology in healthy children aged 6 months to <10 years at first vaccination with influenza-like illness (ILI) was evaluated in Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand between February 2010 and August 2011. Active surveillance for ILI was conducted for approximately 1 year, with nasal and throat swabs analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence and incidence of RSV among ILI episodes were calculated.

Results: A total of 6266 children were included, of whom 2421 experienced 3717 ILI episodes with a respiratory sample available. RSV was detected for 359 ILI episodes, a prevalence of 9.7% (95% confidence interval: 8.7-10.7). The highest prevalence was in children aged 12-23 or 24-35 months in all countries except the Philippines, where it was in children aged 6-11 months. The incidence of RSV-associated ILI was 7.0 (6.3-7.7) per 100 person-years (PY). Eighty-eight ILI episodes resulted in hospitalization, of which 8 were associated with RSV (prevalence 9.1% [4.0-17.1]; incidence 0.2 [0.1-0.3] per 100 PY). The incidence of RSV-associated ILI resulting in medical attendance was 6.0 (5.4-6.7) per 100 PY. RSV B subtypes were observed more frequently than A subtypes.

Conclusions: Active surveillance demonstrated the considerable burden of RSV-associated illness that would not be identified through hospital-based surveillance, with a substantial part of the burden occurring in older infants and children.

Keywords: ILI; RSV; children; incidence; prevalence.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Participant disposition. Abbreviation: ILI, influenza-like illness.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Prevalence of influenza-like illness (ILI) episodes in which respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected, by country and age (total cohort with ILI episodes tested by multiplex polymerase chain reaction). Abbreviations: AU, Australia; BR, Brazil; CO, Colombia; CR, Costa Rica; MX, Mexico; PH, Philippines; SG, Singapore; TH, Thailand.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Monthly distribution of influenza-like illness (ILI) episodes in which respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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