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Review
. 2015 Jun;94(3):337-47.
doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.01.009. Epub 2015 Jan 29.

Heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma contributes to cancer progression

Kuo-Shyang Jeng  1 , Chiung-Fang Chang  2 , Wen-Juei Jeng  3 , I-Shyan Sheen  3 , Chi-Juei Jeng  4
Affiliations
Review

Heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma contributes to cancer progression

Kuo-Shyang Jeng et al. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015 Jun.

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous disease displaying differences in angiogenesis, extracellular matrix proteins, the immune microenvironment and tumor cell populations. Additionally, genetic variations and epigenetic changes of HCC cells could lead to aberrant signaling pathways, induce cancer stem cells and enhance tumor progression. Thus, the heterogeneity in HCC contributes to disease progression and a better understanding of its heterogeneity will greatly aid in the development of strategies for the HCC treatment.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Cancer stem cells; Genetic variation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Heterogeneity; Invasion; Signaling pathway; Tumor microenvironment.

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