[Lung cancer surgery and cirrhosis]

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer and cirrhosis is the fourteenth, all causes included. Surgery increases postoperative risks in cirrhotic patients. Our purpose was to analyze this point in lung cancer surgery.

Methods: We collected, among 7162 patients, the data concerning those operated for lung cancer (n=6105) and compared patients with hepatic disease (n=448) to those presenting other medical disorder (n=2587). We analyzed cirrhotic patients' characteristics (n=49).

Results: Five-year survival of patients with hepatic disease was lower (n=5657/6105): 35.3% versus 43.8% for patients with no hepatic disease, P=0.0021. Survival of cirrhotic patients was not statistically different from the one of patients with other hepatic disorder, but none survived beyond 10 years (0% versus 26.4%). Surgery in cirrhotic patients consisted in one explorative thoracotomy, three wedges resections, two segmentectomies, 33 lobectomies and 10 pneumonectomies. Postoperative mortality (8.2%; 4/49) was not different for patients without hepatic disease (4.2%; 239/5657) (P=0.32), as well as the rate of complications (40.8%; 20/49 and 24.8%; 1404/5657, P=0.11). Only one postoperative death was associated to a hepatic failure. Multivariate analysis pointed age, histological subtype of the tumour and stage of disease as independent prognosis factors.

Conclusion: When cirrhosis is well compensated, surgical resection of lung cancer can be performed with acceptable postoperative morbidity and satisfactory rates of survival. Progressive potential of this disease is worse after five years.

Keywords: Cancer du poumon; Chirurgie; Cirrhose; Cirrhosis; Complication; Long-term survival; Lung cancer; Surgery; Survie à long terme.