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Review
. 2015 Jun;13(3):173-9.
doi: 10.1007/s11914-015-0261-4.

Bone is Not Alone: the Effects of Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith G Avin  1 , Ranjani N Moorthi
Affiliations
Review

Bone is Not Alone: the Effects of Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith G Avin et al. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015 Jun.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a decline in muscle mass, strength, and function, collectively called "sarcopenia." Sarcopenia is associated with hospitalizations and mortality in CKD and is therefore important to understand and characterize. While the focus of skeletal health in CKD has traditionally focused on bone and mineral aberrations, it is now recognized that sarcopenia must also play a role in poor musculoskeletal health in this population. In this paper, we present an overview of skeletal muscle changes in CKD, including defects in skeletal muscle catabolism and anabolism in uremic tissue. There are many gaps in knowledge in this field that should be the focus for future research to unravel pathogenesis and therapies for musculoskeletal health in CKD.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest KG Avin and RN Moorthi both declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Spectrum of sarcopenia in CKD— The spectrum of C KD and associated comorbidities can ultimately influence mortality. This is evident by increased muscle catabolism and decreased regeneration that leads to reduced muscle strength, size, quality (i.e. collectively known as sarcopenia), and consequently limiations in function and activity. Key consequences of sarcopenia in patients with CKD are increased falls, fractures, immobility, disability, and hospitalizations. These ramifications ultimately will influence mortality
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Skeletal muscle loss in CKD is a result of increased muscle degradation and impaired regeneration
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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