Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2015 Mar;28(1):53-60.
doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1545070.

The molecular basis of rectal cancer

Michelle Shiller  1 , Sarah Boostrom  2
Affiliations
Review

The molecular basis of rectal cancer

Michelle Shiller et al. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2015 Mar.

Abstract

The majority of rectal carcinomas are sporadic in nature, and relevant testing for driver mutations to guide therapy is important. A thorough family history is necessary and helpful in elucidating a potential hereditary predilection for a patient's carcinoma. The adequate diagnosis of a heritable tendency toward colorectal carcinoma alters the management of a patient disease and permits the implementation of various surveillance algorithms as preventive measures.

Keywords: adenoma-carcinoma sequence; colorectal cancer; hereditary cancer; molecular testing.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Sequence of mutations.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Genotype-phenotype correlations of FAP. FAP, familial adenomatous polyposis coli.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
MMR proteins involved in Lynch syndrome.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Bethesda guidelines.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bhalla A, Zulfiqar M, Weindel M, Shidham V B. Molecular diagnostics in colorectal carcinoma. Clin Lab Med. 2013;33(4):835–859. - PubMed
    1. Brenner H, Kloor M, Pox C P. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2014;383(9927):1490–1502. - PubMed
    1. Boland C R, Goel A. Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(6):2073–2.087E6. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kircher S M Mohindra N Nimeiri H“http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25410095”Cost estimates and economic implications of expanded RAS testing in metastatic colorectal cancer Oncologist 201520114–18. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wendy De Roock, Bart Claes, David Bernasconi. et al.Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(8):753–762. - PubMed