Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth?

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062

Review

. 2015 Feb 17:6:62.

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062. eCollection 2015.

Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth?

Siwen Yang¹, Gregor Reid², John R G Challis³, Sung O Kim², Gregory B Gloor⁴, Alan D Bocking¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada.
² Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute , London, ON , Canada.
³ Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia , Perth, WA , Australia.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Western University , London, ON , Canada.

PMID: 25741339
PMCID: PMC4330906
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062

Review

Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth?

Siwen Yang et al. Front Immunol. 2015.

. 2015 Feb 17:6:62.

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062. eCollection 2015.

Authors

Siwen Yang¹, Gregor Reid², John R G Challis³, Sung O Kim², Gregory B Gloor⁴, Alan D Bocking¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada.
² Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute , London, ON , Canada.
³ Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia , Perth, WA , Australia.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Western University , London, ON , Canada.

PMID: 25741339
PMCID: PMC4330906
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062

Abstract

Preterm birth (PTB) continues to be a global health challenge. An over-production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as an altered maternal vaginal microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation/infection-associated PTB. Lactobacillus represents the dominant species in the vagina of most healthy pregnant women. The depletion of Lactobacillus in women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been associated with an increased risk of PTB. It remains unknown at what point an aberrant vaginal microbiome composition specifically induces the cascade leading to PTB. The ability of oral or vaginal lactobacilli probiotics to reduce BV occurrence and/or dampen inflammation is being considered as a means to prevent PTB. Certain anti-inflammatory properties of lactobacilli suggest potential mechanisms. To date, clinical studies have not been powered with sufficiently high rates of PTB, but overall, there is merit in examining this promising area of clinical science.

Keywords: bacterial vaginosis; cytokines; infection and inflammation; preterm birth; probiotics; vaginal microbiome.

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References

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[1] Makhseed M, Raghupathy R, El-Shazly S, Azizieh F, Al-Harmi JA, Al-Azemi MM. Pro-inflammatory maternal cytokine profile in preterm delivery. Am J Reprod Immunol (2003) 49:308–18.10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.00038.x - DOI - PubMed

[2] Makhseed M, Raghupathy R, El-Shazly S, Azizieh F, Al-Harmi JA, Al-Azemi MM. Pro-inflammatory maternal cytokine profile in preterm delivery. Am J Reprod Immunol (2003) 49:308–18.10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.00038.x - DOI - PubMed

[3] Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet (2008) 371:75–8410.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet (2008) 371:75–8410.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med (2000) 342:1500–710.1056/NEJM200005183422007 - DOI - PubMed

[6] Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med (2000) 342:1500–710.1056/NEJM200005183422007 - DOI - PubMed

[7] Timmons BC, Reese J, Socrate S, Ehinger N, Paria BC, Milne GL, et al. Prostaglandins are essential for cervical ripening in LPS-mediated preterm birth but not term or antiprogestin-driven preterm ripening. Endocrinology (2014) 155:287–98.10.1210/en.2013-1304 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Timmons BC, Reese J, Socrate S, Ehinger N, Paria BC, Milne GL, et al. Prostaglandins are essential for cervical ripening in LPS-mediated preterm birth but not term or antiprogestin-driven preterm ripening. Endocrinology (2014) 155:287–98.10.1210/en.2013-1304 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Shoji T, Yoshida S, Mitsunari M, Miyake N, Tsukihara S, Iwabe T, et al. Involvement of p38 MAP kinase in lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E(2) in human choriodecidua. J Reprod Immunol (2007) 75:82–90.10.1016/j.jri.2007.05.002 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Shoji T, Yoshida S, Mitsunari M, Miyake N, Tsukihara S, Iwabe T, et al. Involvement of p38 MAP kinase in lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E(2) in human choriodecidua. J Reprod Immunol (2007) 75:82–90.10.1016/j.jri.2007.05.002 - DOI - PubMed

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Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth?

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Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth?

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