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. 2015 Sep 15;212(6):924-33.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv147. Epub 2015 Mar 9.

Structural Bone Deficits in HIV/HCV-Coinfected, HCV-Monoinfected, and HIV-Monoinfected Women

Vincent Lo Re 3rd  1 , Kenneth Lynn  2 , Emily R Stumm  2 , Jin Long  3 , Melissa S Nezamzadeh  4 , Joshua F Baker  5 , Andrew N Hoofnagle  6 , Angela J Kapalko  7 , Karam Mounzer  7 , Babette S Zemel  8 , Pablo Tebas  2 , Jay R Kostman  2 , Mary B Leonard  9
Affiliations

Structural Bone Deficits in HIV/HCV-Coinfected, HCV-Monoinfected, and HIV-Monoinfected Women

Vincent Lo Re 3rd et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture rates, particularly in women. The structural underpinnings for skeletal fragility in coinfected women have not been characterized. We used tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography to evaluate skeletal parameters in women, by HIV/HCV status.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 50 HIV/HCV-coinfected, 51 HCV-monoinfected, and 50 HIV-monoinfected women. Tibial volumetric BMD and cortical dimensions were determined with peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Race-specific z scores for age were generated using 263 female reference participants without HIV infection or liver disease.

Results: Coinfected participants had lower mean z scores for trabecular volumetric BMD (-0.85), cortical volumetric BMD (-0.67), cortical area (-0.61), and cortical thickness (-0.77) than reference participants (all P < .001). The smaller cortical dimensions were due to greater mean z scores for endosteal circumference (+0.67; P < .001) and comparable z scores for periosteal circumference (+0.04; P = .87). Trabecular volumetric BMD was lower in coinfected than in HCV- or HIV-monoinfected participants. HCV-infected women with stage 3-4 liver fibrosis had lower mean z scores for trabecular volumetric BMD, cortical thickness, and total hip BMD those with stage 0-2 fibrosis.

Conclusions: Compared with healthy reference patients, HIV/HCV-coinfected women had decreased tibial trabecular volumetric BMD, diminished cortical dimensions, and significant endocortical bone loss.

Keywords: HIV; bone; coinfection; hepatitis C virus; peripheral quantitative computed tomography.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Mean trabecular volumetric bone mineral density z scores for antiretroviral-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV)–coinfected, HCV-monoinfected, and antiretroviral-treated HIV-monoinfected female participants.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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