Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2015 Apr;135(4):e927-38.
doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-1444. Epub 2015 Mar 9.

Comorbidity of physical and mental disorders in the neurodevelopmental genomics cohort study

Kathleen R Merikangas  1 , Monica E Calkins  2 , Marcy Burstein  3 , Jian-Ping He  3 , Rosetta Chiavacci  4 , Tarannum Lateef  5 , Kosha Ruparel  2 , Ruben C Gur  2 , Thomas Lehner  6 , Hakon Hakonarson  7 , Raquel E Gur  2
Affiliations

Comorbidity of physical and mental disorders in the neurodevelopmental genomics cohort study

Kathleen R Merikangas et al. Pediatrics. 2015 Apr.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine patterns of associations between a broad range of mental and physical conditions by using a large, systematically obtained pediatric registry.

Methods: The sample included 9014 youth ages 8 to 21 years (4349 males and 4665 females; 3585 aged <13 years, 3678 aged 13 to 18 years, and 1751 aged 19 to 21 years) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort identified through pediatric clinics at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia health care network by the Center for Applied Genomics. Measures were as follows: physical condition based on electronic medical records and interview data on 42 physical conditions of 14 organ systems/specialties and mental disorders based on an abbreviated version of the structured Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia psychiatric diagnostic interview.

Results: There was a direct association between the severity of the physical condition and most classes of mental disorders, as well as with functional impairment. Models adjusted for sociodemographic correlates, other physical and mental disorders, and false discovery and revealed broad patterns of associations between neurodevelopmental disorders with behavior disorders (odds ratio [OR]: 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-1.8; P < .004) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.7-3.6; P < .0001), and neurologic/central nervous system conditions (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9; P < .05) with mood disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.5; P < .001), and autoimmune/inflammatory conditions with mood disorders (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1-1.8, P < .05).

Conclusions: Findings show the strong overlap between physical and mental conditions and their impact on severity and functional impairment in youth. Specific patterns of comorbidity have important implications for etiology. Prospective tracking of cross-disorder morbidity will be important to establish more effective mechanisms for prevention and intervention.

Keywords: comorbidity; mental disorders; physical disorders; registry; youth.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Severity of physical conditions by classes of mental disorders. ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P < .05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Druss BG, Walker ER. Mental disorders and medical comorbidity. Synth Proj Res Synth Rep. 2011. Feb(21):1–26 - PubMed
    1. Affordable Care Act. 2010. Pub L No. 111-148, 124 Stat 119. Available at: www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ148/pdf/PLAW-111publ148.pdf. Accessed October 30, 2014
    1. Combs-Orme T, Heflinger CA, Simpkins CG. Comorbidity of mental health problems and chronic health conditions in children. J Emot Behav Disord. 2002;10(2):116–125
    1. Friedman AH, Morris TL. Allergies and anxiety in children and adolescents: a review of the literature. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2006;13(3):323–335
    1. LeBovidge JS, Lavigne JV, Donenberg GR, Miller ML. Psychological adjustment of children and adolescents with chronic arthritis: a meta-analytic review. J Pediatr Psychol. 2003;28(1):29–39 - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms