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. 2014 Nov-Dec;89(6 Suppl 1):1-74.
doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20143971.

Brazilian consensus on photoprotection

Sérgio Schalka  1 , Denise Steiner  2 , Flávia Naranjo Ravelli  3 , Tatiana Steiner  2 , Aripuanã Cobério Terena  4 , Carolina Reato Marçon  5 , Eloisa Leis Ayres  6 , Flávia Alvim Sant'anna Addor  7 , Helio Amante Miot  8 , Humberto Ponzio  9 , Ida Duarte  5 , Jane Neffá  10 , José Antônio Jabur da Cunha  2 , Juliana Catucci Boza  11 , Luciana de Paula Samorano  12 , Marcelo de Paula Corrêa  13 , Marcus Maia  5 , Nilton Nasser  14 , Olga Maria Rodrigues Ribeiro Leite  15 , Otávio Sergio Lopes, Pedro Dantas Oliveira, Renata Leal Bregunci Meyer, Tânia Cestari, Vitor Manoel Silva dos Reis, Vitória Regina Pedreira de Almeida Rego; Brazilian Society of Dermatology
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Brazilian consensus on photoprotection

Sérgio Schalka et al. An Bras Dermatol. 2014 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Brazil is a country of continental dimensions with a large heterogeneity of climates and massive mixing of the population. Almost the entire national territory is located between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and the Earth axial tilt to the south certainly makes Brazil one of the countries of the world with greater extent of land in proximity to the sun. The Brazilian coastline, where most of its population lives, is more than 8,500 km long. Due to geographic characteristics and cultural trends, Brazilians are among the peoples with the highest annual exposure to the sun. Epidemiological data show a continuing increase in the incidence of non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Photoprotection can be understood as a set of measures aimed at reducing sun exposure and at preventing the development of acute and chronic actinic damage. Due to the peculiarities of Brazilian territory and culture, it would not be advisable to replicate the concepts of photoprotection from other developed countries, places with completely different climates and populations. Thus the Brazilian Society of Dermatology has developed the Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection, the first official document on photoprotection developed in Brazil for Brazilians, with recommendations on matters involving photoprotection.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The ultraviolet index and WHO recommendations
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Example of ultraviolet index (UVI) for South America: forecast for clear sky conditions Satellites and Environmental Systems Division – Center for Weather Forecasts and Climate Studies of the National Institute for Space Research. Available at: http://satelite.cptec.inpe.br/uv/
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Ultraviolet index (UVI) for clear sky conditions (without clouds) on solstice and equinox days in four Brazilian locations. Calculations carried out with the radiation transference model NCAR/ACD TUV: Tropospheric Ultraviolet & Visible Radiation Model 25, with mean data on total ozone content between the years 2004 and 2012 informed by GES-DISC/NASA (sensor OMI - Ozone Monitoring Instrument)
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Relationship between sun protection factor (SPF) and ultraviolet (UV) effect: UV radiation percentage absorbed by the photoprotector (absorbance) and UV radiation percentage transmitted by the photoprotector that reaches the skin (transmittance), in relation to SPF values Adapted source: Ostewalder U, Herzog B. 2009.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Teaspoon rule: ideal amount for photoprotector application Adapted source: Isedeh P, et al. 2013.
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