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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Jul;149(1):130-8.
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.03.012. Epub 2015 Mar 17.

Cost Efficacy of Metal Stents for Palliation of Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstruction in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Daisy Walter  1 , Petra G A van Boeckel  2 , Marcel J Groenen  3 , Bas L A M Weusten  4 , Ben J Witteman  5 , Gi Tan  6 , Menno A Brink  7 , Jan Nicolai  8 , Adriaan C Tan  9 , Joyce Alderliesten  10 , Niels G Venneman  11 , Wim Laleman  12 , Jeroen M Jansen  13 , Alexander Bodelier  14 , Frank L Wolters  15 , Laurens A van der Waaij  16 , Ronald Breumelhof  17 , Frank T M Peters  18 , Robbert C H Scheffer  19 , Max Leenders  2 , Meike M C Hirdes  2 , Ewout W Steyerberg  20 , Frank P Vleggaar  2 , Peter D Siersema  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Cost Efficacy of Metal Stents for Palliation of Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstruction in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Daisy Walter et al. Gastroenterology. 2015 Jul.

Abstract

Background & aims: Endoscopic stents are placed for palliation of extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Although self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) remain patent longer than plastic stents, they are more expensive. We aimed to evaluate which type of stent (plastic, uncovered SEMS [uSEMS], or partially covered SEMS [pcSEMS]) is the most effective and we assessed costs.

Methods: We performed a multicenter randomized trial in 219 patients at 18 hospitals in The Netherlands from February 2008 through February 2013. Patients were assigned randomly for placement of a plastic stent (n = 73), uSEMS (n = 75), or pcSEMS (n = 71) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Patients were followed up for up to 1 year. Researchers were not blinded to groups. The main study end points included functional stent time and costs.

Results: The mean functional stent times were 172 days for plastic stents, 288 days for uSEMS, and 299 days for pcSEMS (P < .005 for uSEMS and pcSEMS vs plastic). The initial placement of plastic stents (€1042 or $1106) cost significantly less than placement of SEMS (€1973 or $2094) (P = .001). However, the total cost per patient at the end of the follow-up period did not differ significantly between plastic stents (€7320 or $7770) and SEMS (€6932 or $7356) (P = .61). Furthermore, in patients with short survival times (≤3 mo) or metastatic disease, the total cost per patient did not differ between plastic stents and SEMS. No differences in costs were found between pcSEMS and uSEMS.

Conclusions: Although placement of SEMS (uncovered or partially covered) for palliation of extrahepatic bile duct obstruction initially is more expensive than placement of plastic stents, SEMS have longer functional time. The total costs after 1 year do not differ significantly with stent type. Dutch Clinical Trial Registration no: NTR1361.

Keywords: Cost Comparison; ERCP; Pancreatic Cancer; Randomized Trial.

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