A prospective evaluation of zirconia anterior partial fixed dental prostheses: Clinical results after seven years

Abstract

Statement of problem: Because of the high mechanical strength of zirconium dioxide, the metal in fixed partial prostheses can now be replaced. However, the material is susceptible to aging or hydrothermal degradation and to chipping of the feldspathic veneer.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the survival (without failure) and success (survival without any complication or failure) rate and clinical efficacy of anterior zirconia partial fixed dental prostheses.

Material and methods: Twenty-seven anterior partial fixed dental prostheses of 3 to 6 units were fabricated. All participants were examined after 1 month and 6 months, then annually for 7 years.

Results: Three partial fixed dental prostheses failed and had to be removed: 2 because of secondary caries, which increased failure significantly (P=.001) and 1 because of severe chipping. Six partial fixed dental prostheses had complications: 2 debonded, 3 had chipping, and 1 had periapical pathology. All veneer porcelain fractures occurred in 6-unit fixed partial prostheses (P=.002). The clinical success rate was 88.8% after the 7-year follow-up.

Conclusions: The clinical behavior of partial fixed dental prostheses with a zirconium dioxide core in the anterior region provides an adequate medium-term survival rate. The main cause of failure was secondary caries. The most frequent complication was chipping, which was directly related to the number of units of the prosthesis.