Interaction of a green ester-bonded gemini surfactant with xanthine oxidase: Biophysical perspective

Abstract

A multi technique approach was utilized to explore the interaction between a novel green gemini surfactant, ethane-1,2-diyl bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-tetradecylammoniumacetoxy) dichloride (14-E2-14), with bovine milk xanthine oxidase (XO). Tensiometric, spectroscopic, microscopic and molecular modeling results demonstrate significant interaction and structural change of native xanthine oxidase upon 14-E2-14 combination. The results obtained in this study may be beneficial for scientists to calibrate conformation of the enzyme by novel biodegradable/green microstructures; consequently, it would likely add new impetus in understanding the treatment modes of various diseases like gout, hyperuricemia, liver and brain necrosis. Moreover, the 14-E2-14-XO interaction assists to unfurl new routes in the designing/selection of green-surfactant-protein mixtures widely used in food processing, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords: Green surfactant; Modeling; Structural alteration; Xanthine oxidase.