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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 Apr 3;7(4):2485-98.
doi: 10.3390/nu7042485.

Meta-analysis of the association between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease

Jiying Wang  1 , Shishi Lv  2 , Guo Chen  3 , Chenlin Gao  4 , Jianhua He  5 , Haihua Zhong  6 , Yong Xu  7
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Meta-analysis of the association between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease

Jiying Wang et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Although emerging evidence suggests that low levels of vitamin D may contribute to the development of autoimmune disease, the relationship between vitamin D reduction and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), which includes Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), is still controversial. The aim was to evaluate the association between vitamin D levels and AITD through systematic literature review. We identified all studies that assessed the association between vitamin D and AITD from PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. We included studies that compared vitamin D levels between AITD cases and controls as well as those that measured the odds of vitamin D deficiency by AITD status. We combined the standardized mean differences (SMD) or the odds ratios (OR) in a random effects model. Twenty case-control studies provided data for a quantitative meta-analysis. Compared to controls, AITD patients had lower levels of 25(OH)D (SMD: -0.99, 95% CI: -1.31, -0.66) and were more likely to be deficient in 25(OH)D (OR 2.99, 95% CI: 1.88, 4.74). Furthermore, subgroup analyses result showed that GD and HT patients also had lower 25(OH)D levels and were more likely to have a 25(OH)D deficiency, suggesting that low levels of serum 25(OH)D was related to AITD.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram showing study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting 25(OH)D levels in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) vs. controls, standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting dichotomous data on 25(OH)D levels in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) vs. controls and estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting 25(OH)D levels in Graves’s disease vs. controls, standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting dichotomous outcomes of 25(OH)D levels in Graves’ disease vs. controls and estimated ORs with 95% confidence interval.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting 25(OH)D levels in Hashimoto thyroiditis vs. controls, standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Meta-analysis of studies (chronologically ordered) reporting dichotomous data of 25(OH)D levels in Hashimoto thyroiditis vs. controls and estimated ORs with 95% confidence interval.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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