Eosinophilic cardiac disease: Molecular, clinical and imaging aspects

Abstract

Eosinophilia may be responsible for cardiac injuries of widely varying severity, from acute myocarditis to endomyocardial fibrosis. In this review, we present both the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for these lesions and their clinical and paraclinical aspects. Numerous aetiologies can lead to severe eosinophilia, but these are mainly represented by hypersensitivity reactions, rheumatological diseases and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Because cardiac involvement may be extremely severe, echocardiography should be always performed in the context of eosinophilia and appropriate therapeutics should be started rapidly in order to limit the progression of the disease.

Keywords: Cardiomyopathie restrictive; DRESS syndrome; Endomyocardial fibrosis; Eosinophilia; Eosinophilic myocarditis; Fibrose endomyocardique; Hyperéosinophilie; Myocardite à éosinophiles; Restrictive cardiomyopathy; Syndrome DRESS.