Marjolin's Ulcers: A Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract

Background: A Marjolin's ulcer describes malignant degeneration in any chronic wound. The majority of cases arise in burn scars and are often latent for decades.

Materials and methods: This case series presents 6 patients with an average age of 63 years with Marjolin's ulcers (both acute and chronic). A review of the literature was also undertaken. These cases underscore the aggressive course and poor prognosis associated with Marjolin's ulcers and the importance of recognizing the potential for malignant transformation of a chronic wound.

Results: In the reported cases, the ulcers were found on the upper and lower extremity, flank, and over the sacrum, emphasizing the propensity of these ulcers to arise in nearly any location. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent malignancy identified in Marjolin's ulcers and was confirmed in all patients in this study. Patients underwent surgical resection, and all patients eventually succumbed to the disease.

Conclusion: Based on observations and a review of the literature, early detection and aggressive management with wide local excision and prompt coverage yield optimal results when treating patients with Marjolin's ulcers.