Diabetes in the young - a case of Alström syndrome with myopathy

Abstract

Alström syndrome is a rare ciliopathy affecting about 1 in 1,000,000 individuals. It is characterised by cone-rod dystrophy, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy, renal failure and hypogonadism. Progressive multi-organ dysfunction eventually leads to death. Only about 800 patients with this disorder have been identified so far. The diagnosis of Alström syndrome is critical as it can easily be overlooked because of the many features it shares with metabolic syndrome. The gene affected in this autosomal recessive disease is ALMS1, the protein product of which is involved in intracellular trafficking and ciliary function. Alström syndrome is being studied as a model which would potentially shed light on the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. In this report, we describe a patient with features of Alström syndrome and a clinical picture suggestive of a recurrent, severe, steroid responsive myopathy which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far.

Keywords: ALMS1; Alströöm; cone-rod dystrophy; diabetes; myopathy.