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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 Mar 29;17(1):86.
doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0601-x.

Body mass index and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Baodong Qin  1 , Min Yang  2   3 , Haitao Fu  4 , Ning Ma  5 , Tingting Wei  6 , Qingqin Tang  7 , Zhide Hu  8 , Yan Liang  9 , Zaixing Yang  10 , Renqian Zhong  11
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Body mass index and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Baodong Qin et al. Arthritis Res Ther. .

Abstract

Introduction: The evidence from published studies on the association between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis has been contradictory. To clarify the association between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to assess the relationship between body mass index and rheumatoid arthritis risk.

Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase (up to 12 July 2014) was performed to identify all eligible published reports. The pooled relative risk results with corresponding 95% confidence intervals of rheumatoid arthritis development were estimated using a random-effects model.

Results: Eleven eligible related citations fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Compared with individuals with a body mass index under 30, obese individuals showed an association with a significantly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (relative risk = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.07 to 1.45, P heterogeneity <0.01, I(2) = 63%). Compared to normal weight subjects, the pooled relative risks for rheumatoid arthritis were 1.31 (1.12 to 1.53) and 1.15 (1.03 to 1.29) for the categories of obese and overweight, respectively. In the dose-response analysis, there was evidence of a nonlinear association (P nonlinear = 0.005) and the estimated summary relative risk for a 5-unit increment was 1.03 (95% confidence interval: 1.01 to 1.05, P heterogeneity = 0.001, I(2) = 70.0%).

Conclusions: An increase in body mass index can contribute to a higher risk for rheumatoid arthritis development. However, the finding also highlights the need for research on the association between body mass index and rheumatoid arthritis risk with adjustment for more confounding factors.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of article identification, inclusion, and exclusion. BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RR: relative risk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of relative risks of rheumatoid arthritis. (a) obesity versus non-obesity; (b) obesity versus normal weight; (c) overweight versus normal weight; meta-analysis using a random-effects model. CI: confidence interval; RR: relative risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Summary of relative risks of rheumatoid arthritis in female populations. (a) obesity versus non-obesity; (b) obesity versus normal weight; (c) overweight versus normal weight; meta-analysis using a random-effects model. CI: confidence interval; RR: relative risk.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Dose-response meta-analysis between body mass index and rheumatoid arthritis risk. (a) RR of RA risk per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI; (b) nonlinear dose-response association, BMI was modeled with a nonlinear trend (black continuous line) in a random-effects meta-regression model. Long-dashed black lines represent 95% confidence intervals. Short-dashed black lines represent the linear trend. The vertical axes are on a log scale. BMI: body mass index; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RR: relative risk. ES: Effect Size.
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Comment in

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