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. 2015 Apr 22;10(4):e0123989.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123989. eCollection 2015.

Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Uruguay

Morgan N Clennin  1 , Jonathan P W Payne  1 , Edgardo G Rienzi  2 , Carl J Lavie  3 , Steven N Blair  4 , Russell R Pate  1 , Xuemei Sui  1
Affiliations

Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Uruguay

Morgan N Clennin et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the association between objectively measured CRF and physical and mental components of HRQoL in a Uruguayan cohort at risk for developing CVD.

Methods: Patient data records from 2002-2012 at the Calidad de Vida Center were examined. To assess CRF, participants performed a submaximal exercise test. During the evaluation, participants also completed the SF-36, a HRQoL measure comprised of eight dimensions that are summarized by physical and mental component scores (PCS and MCS, respectively). ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between HRQoL dimensions and CRF. Logistic regression was then used to compare the odds of having a HRQoL component score above the norm across CRF. All analyses were performed separately for males and females with additional stratified analyses across age and BMI conducted among significant trends.

Results: A total of 2,302 subjects were included in the analysis. Among females, a significant relationship was observed between CRF and vitality, physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, and general health dimensions. However, for males the only dimension found to be significantly associated with CRF was physical health. After adjusting for potential confounders, a significant linear trend (p<0.001) for PCS scores above the norm across CRF levels was observed for females only.

Conclusion: Among females with one or more risk factors for developing CVD, higher levels of CRF were positively associated with the vitality and physical dimensions of HRQoL, as well as the overall PCS. However, among males the only dimension associated with CRF was physical functioning. Future studies should examine this relationship among populations at risk for developing CVD in more detail and over time.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors declare the funding source, La Banca Company, as a conflicts of interest. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Odds ratios above the norm for health-related quality of life physical component score according to cardiorespiratory fitness quartile and age group among females.
Logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, and physical inactivity was used to obtain odds ratios and the p-value for the trend analysis, Q, quartile.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Odds ratios above the norm for health-related quality of life mental component score according to cardiorespiratory fitness quartiles and age group among females.
Logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, and physical inactivity was used to obtain odds ratios and the p-value for the trend analysis, Q, quartile.
Fig 3
Fig 3. dds ratios above the norm for health-related quality of life physical component score according to cardiorespiratory fitness levels and body mass index among females.
Logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, and physical inactivity was used to obtain odds ratios and the p-value for the trend analysis, Q, quartile.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Odds ratios above the norm for health-related quality of life mental component score according to cardiorespiratory fitness levels and body mass index among females.
Logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, and physical inactivity was used to obtain odds ratios and the p-value for the trend analysis, Q, quartile.
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