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Multicenter Study
. 2014 Dec 10:14:635.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0635-8.

Multicenter case-control study protocol of pneumonia etiology in children: Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL network)

Valentina Sanchez Picot  1 , Thomas Bénet  2   3 , Melina Messaoudi  4 , Jean-Noël Telles  5 , Monidarin Chou  6 , Tekchheng Eap  7 , Jianwei Wang  8 , Kunling Shen  9 , Jean-William Pape  10 , Vanessa Rouzier  11 , Shally Awasthi  12 , Nitin Pandey  13 , Ashish Bavdekar  14 , Sonali Sanghvi  15 , Annick Robinson  16 , Bénédicte Contamin  17 , Jonathan Hoffmann  18 , Maryam Sylla  19 , Souleymane Diallo  20 , Pagbajabyn Nymadawa  21 , Budragchaagiin Dash-Yandag  22 , Graciela Russomando  23 , Wilma Basualdo  24 , Marilda M Siqueira  25 , Patricia Barreto  26 , Florence Komurian-Pradel  27 , Guy Vernet  28 , Hubert Endtz  29 , Philippe Vanhems  30   31 , Gláucia Paranhos-Baccalà  32 ; pneumonia GABRIEL network
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Multicenter case-control study protocol of pneumonia etiology in children: Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL network)

Valentina Sanchez Picot et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Data on the etiologies of pneumonia among children are inadequate, especially in developing countries. The principal objective is to undertake a multicenter incident case-control study of <5-year-old children hospitalized with pneumonia in developing and emerging countries, aiming to identify the causative agents involved in pneumonia while assessing individual and microbial factors associated with the risk of severe pneumonia.

Methods/design: A multicenter case-control study, based on the GABRIEL network, is ongoing. Ten study sites are located in 9 countries over 3 continents: Brazil, Cambodia, China, Haiti, India, Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, and Paraguay. At least 1,000 incident cases and 1,000 controls will be enrolled and matched for age and date. Cases are hospitalized children <5 years with radiologically confirmed pneumonia, and the controls are children without any features suggestive of pneumonia. Respiratory specimens are collected from all enrolled subjects to identify 19 viruses and 5 bacteria. Whole blood from pneumonia cases is being tested for 3 major bacteria. S. pneumoniae-positive specimens are serotyped. Urine samples from cases only are tested for detection of antimicrobial activity. The association between procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and pathogens is being evaluated. A discovery platform will enable pathogen identification in undiagnosed samples.

Discussion: This multicenter study will provide descriptive results for better understanding of pathogens responsible for pneumonia among children in developing countries. The identification of determinants related to microorganisms associated with pneumonia and its severity should facilitate treatment and prevention.

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Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of the world showing participating sites of the multicenter case–control study of pneumonia etiology in children.
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