Potassium induced contraction of the internal thoracic artery in vitro is time related: the potential consequences in the analysis of the mechanism of the spasm after coronary artery bypass grafting and in the analysis of the results of in vitro studies

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine how, under in vitro conditions, the human left internal thoracic artery (LITA) reacts to contractile agonist:potassium chloride (KCL) as a function of time, as well as to examine whether a change in the LITA reactivity can correlate with the occurrence of the refractory vascular spasm (RVS). Distal segments of LITA obtained from 33 patients aged 38-73, at the time of routine coronary artery surgical revascularization (CABG). Contractile response to 80 mmol K(+) was recorded under isometric conditions. In 16 (48,5 %) LITA segments, contractile reaction to K(+) after experiments ranging 1-10 h were registered. No contractile response even after 10 h of incubation was observed in 17 (51.5 %) LITA segments. Between 120 and 300 min after the beginning of the experiment, the reaction was maximum and amounted up to 300 % control reaction, then decreased. First, with respect to in vitro research isolated by LITA rings, while analyzing the results of the research, one should take into consideration the possibility that during the research, the functional state of the tissues changes and in particular its sensitivity to depolarization of the cell membrane. Second, the change in the sensitivity to depolarization of the cell membrane of the smooth muscles' LITA might be the potential mechanism causing the occurrence of the postoperative spasm after the CABG treatment.

Keywords: Bypass; Contractility; Depolarization; Potassium; Vasospasm.

Fig. 1

The number of reacting tissues in relation to the period of incubation

Fig. 2

Reaction dependence on K⁺ (80 mmol) of 7 LITA rings. The control was the area under the curve for the first contraction of potassium for each tissue, respectively. Points represent mean values from n = 7 individual experiments; vertical lines represent ± s.e. mean