Review

. 2016 May;141(2):386-401.

doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.04.034. Epub 2015 May 2.

No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer

Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, and Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2; Antoinette Hollestelle¹, Frederieke H van der Baan², Andrew Berchuck³, Sharon E Johnatty⁴, Katja K Aben⁵, Bjarni A Agnarsson⁶, Kristiina Aittomäki⁷, Elisa Alducci⁸, Irene L Andrulis⁹, Hoda Anton-Culver¹⁰, Natalia N Antonenkova¹¹, Antonis C Antoniou¹², Carmel Apicella¹³, Volker Arndt¹⁴, Norbert Arnold¹⁵, Banu K Arun¹⁶, Brita Arver¹⁷, Alan Ashworth¹⁸; Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group¹⁹; Laura Baglietto²⁰, Rosemary Balleine²¹, Elisa V Bandera²², Daniel Barrowdale¹², Yukie T Bean²³, Lars Beckmann²⁴, Matthias W Beckmann²⁵, Javier Benitez²⁶, Andreas Berger²⁷, Raanan Berger²⁸, Benoit Beuselinck²⁹, Maria Bisogna³⁰, Line Bjorge³¹, Carl Blomqvist³², Natalia V Bogdanova³³, Anders Bojesen³⁴, Stig E Bojesen³⁵, Manjeet K Bolla¹², Bernardo Bonanni³⁶, Judith S Brand³⁷, Hiltrud Brauch³⁸; Breast Cancer Family Register³⁹; Hermann Brenner¹⁴, Louise Brinton⁴⁰, Angela Brooks-Wilson⁴¹, Fiona Bruinsma²⁰, Joan Brunet⁴², Thomas Brüning⁴³, Agnieszka Budzilowska⁴⁴, Clareann H Bunker⁴⁵, Barbara Burwinkel⁴⁶, Ralf Butzow⁴⁷, Saundra S Buys⁴⁸, Maria A Caligo⁴⁹, Ian Campbell⁵⁰, Jonathan Carter⁵¹, Jenny Chang-Claude⁵², Stephen J Chanock⁴⁰, Kathleen B M Claes⁵³, J Margriet Collée⁵⁴, Linda S Cook⁵⁵, Fergus J Couch⁵⁶, Angela Cox⁵⁷, Daniel Cramer⁵⁸, Simon S Cross⁵⁹, Julie M Cunningham⁶⁰, Cezary Cybulski⁶¹, Kamila Czene³⁷, Francesca Damiola⁶², Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska⁴⁴, Hatef Darabi³⁷, Miguel de la Hoya⁶³, Anna deFazio⁶⁴, Joseph Dennis¹², Peter Devilee⁶⁵, Ed M Dicks⁶⁶, Orland Diez⁶⁷, Jennifer A Doherty⁶⁸, Susan M Domchek⁶⁹, Cecilia M Dorfling⁷⁰, Thilo Dörk⁷¹, Isabel Dos Santos Silva⁷², Andreas du Bois⁷³, Martine Dumont⁷⁴, Alison M Dunning⁶⁶, Mercedes Duran⁷⁵, Douglas F Easton⁷⁶, Diana Eccles⁷⁷, Robert P Edwards⁷⁸, Hans Ehrencrona⁷⁹, Bent Ejlertsen⁸⁰, Arif B Ekici⁸¹, Steve D Ellis¹²; EMBRACE¹²; Christoph Engel⁸², Mikael Eriksson³⁷, Peter A Fasching⁸³, Lidia Feliubadalo⁸⁴, Jonine Figueroa⁴⁰, Dieter Flesch-Janys⁸⁵, Olivia Fletcher¹⁸, Annette Fontaine⁸⁶, Stefano Fortuzzi⁸⁷, Florentia Fostira⁸⁸, Brooke L Fridley⁸⁹, Tara Friebel⁹⁰, Eitan Friedman⁹¹, Grace Friel⁹², Debra Frost¹², Judy Garber⁹³, Montserrat García-Closas¹⁸, Simon A Gayther⁹⁴; GEMO Study Collaborators⁹⁵; GENICA Network⁹⁶; Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj⁹⁷, Anne-Marie Gerdes⁹⁸, Graham G Giles²⁰, Rosalind Glasspool⁹⁹, Gord Glendon¹⁰⁰, Andrew K Godwin¹⁰¹, Marc T Goodman¹⁰², Martin Gore¹⁰³, Mark H Greene¹⁰⁴, Mervi Grip¹⁰⁵, Jacek Gronwald¹⁰⁶, Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich²⁷, Pascal Guénel¹⁰⁷, Starr R Guzman¹⁰⁸, Lothar Haeberle²⁵, Christopher A Haiman⁹⁴, Per Hall³⁷, Sandra L Halverson¹⁰⁹, Ute Hamann¹¹⁰, Thomas V O Hansen¹¹¹, Philipp Harter⁷³, Jaana M Hartikainen¹¹², Sue Healey⁴; HEBON¹¹³; Alexander Hein¹¹⁴, Florian Heitz⁷³, Brian E Henderson⁹⁴, Josef Herzog¹¹⁵, Michelle A T Hildebrandt¹¹⁶, Claus K Høgdall¹¹⁷, Estrid Høgdall¹¹⁸, Frans B L Hogervorst¹¹⁹, John L Hopper¹³, Keith Humphreys³⁷, Tomasz Huzarski¹⁰⁶, Evgeny N Imyanitov¹²⁰, Claudine Isaacs¹²¹, Anna Jakubowska¹⁰⁶, Ramunas Janavicius¹²², Katarzyna Jaworska¹²³, Allan Jensen¹²⁴, Uffe Birk Jensen¹²⁵, Nichola Johnson¹⁸, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen¹²⁶, Maria Kabisch¹¹⁰, Beth Y Karlan¹²⁷, Vesa Kataja¹²⁸, Noah Kauff¹²⁹; KConFab Investigators¹³⁰; Linda E Kelemen¹³¹, Michael J Kerin¹³², Lambertus A Kiemeney¹³³, Susanne K Kjaer¹³⁴, Julia A Knight¹³⁵, Jacoba P Knol-Bout², Irene Konstantopoulou⁸⁸, Veli-Matti Kosma¹¹², Camilla Krakstad³¹, Vessela Kristensen¹³⁶, Karoline B Kuchenbaecker¹², Jolanta Kupryjanczyk⁴⁴, Yael Laitman⁹¹, Diether Lambrechts¹³⁷, Sandrina Lambrechts¹³⁸, Melissa C Larson¹³⁹, Adriana Lasa¹⁴⁰, Pierre Laurent-Puig¹⁴¹, Conxi Lazaro⁸⁴, Nhu D Le¹⁴², Loic Le Marchand¹⁴³, Arto Leminen¹⁴⁴, Jenny Lester¹²⁷, Douglas A Levine³⁰, Jingmei Li³⁷, Dong Liang¹⁴⁵, Annika Lindblom¹⁴⁶, Noralane Lindor¹⁴⁷, Jolanta Lissowska¹⁴⁸, Jirong Long¹⁰⁹, Karen H Lu¹⁴⁹, Jan Lubinski¹⁰⁶, Lene Lundvall¹¹⁷, Galina Lurie¹⁴³, Phuong L Mai¹⁰⁴, Arto Mannermaa¹¹², Sara Margolin¹⁵⁰, Frederique Mariette⁸⁷, Frederik Marme¹⁵¹, John W M Martens¹, Leon F A G Massuger¹⁵², Christine Maugard¹⁵³, Sylvie Mazoyer⁶², Lesley McGuffog¹², Valerie McGuire¹⁵⁴, Catriona McLean¹⁵⁵, Iain McNeish¹⁵⁶, Alfons Meindl¹⁵⁷, Florence Menegaux¹⁰⁷, Primitiva Menéndez¹⁵⁸, Janusz Menkiszak¹⁵⁹, Usha Menon⁹⁷, Arjen R Mensenkamp¹⁶⁰, Nicola Miller¹³², Roger L Milne¹⁶¹, Francesmary Modugno¹⁶², Marco Montagna⁸, Kirsten B Moysich⁹², Heiko Müller¹⁴, Anna Marie Mulligan¹⁶³, Taru A Muranen¹⁴⁴, Steven A Narod¹⁶⁴, Katherine L Nathanson⁶⁹, Roberta B Ness¹⁶⁵, Susan L Neuhausen¹⁶⁶, Heli Nevanlinna¹⁴⁴, Patrick Neven²⁹, Finn C Nielsen¹¹¹, Sune F Nielsen³⁵, Børge G Nordestgaard³⁵, Robert L Nussbaum¹⁶⁷, Kunle Odunsi⁹², Kenneth Offit¹⁶⁸, Edith Olah¹⁶⁹, Olufunmilayo I Olopade¹⁷⁰, Janet E Olson¹⁰⁸, Sara H Olson¹⁷¹, Jan C Oosterwijk¹⁷², Irene Orlow¹⁷¹, Nick Orr¹⁸, Sandra Orsulic¹²⁷, Ana Osorio¹⁷³, Laura Ottini¹⁷⁴, James Paul⁹⁹, Celeste L Pearce⁹⁴, Inge Sokilde Pedersen¹⁷⁵, Bernard Peissel¹⁷⁶, Tanja Pejovic²³, Liisa M Pelttari¹⁴⁴, Jo Perkins¹², Jenny Permuth-Wey¹⁷⁷, Paolo Peterlongo¹⁷⁸, Julian Peto⁷², Catherine M Phelan¹⁷⁷, Kelly-Anne Phillips¹⁷⁹, Marion Piedmonte¹⁸⁰, Malcolm C Pike¹⁸¹, Radka Platte¹², Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa⁴⁴, Elizabeth M Poole¹⁸², Bruce Poppe⁵³, Katri Pylkäs¹⁸³, Paolo Radice¹⁸⁴, Susan J Ramus⁹⁴, Timothy R Rebbeck¹⁸⁵, Malcolm W R Reed⁵⁷, Gad Rennert¹⁸⁶, Harvey A Risch¹⁸⁷, Mark Robson¹⁶⁸, Gustavo C Rodriguez¹⁸⁸, Atocha Romero⁶³, Mary Anne Rossing¹⁸⁹, Joseph H Rothstein¹⁵⁴, Anja Rudolph⁵², Ingo Runnebaum¹⁹⁰, Ritu Salani¹⁹¹, Helga B Salvesen³¹, Elinor J Sawyer¹⁹², Joellen M Schildkraut¹⁹³, Marjanka K Schmidt¹¹⁹, Rita K Schmutzler¹⁹⁴, Andreas Schneeweiss¹⁵¹, Minouk J Schoemaker¹⁹⁵, Michael G Schrauder²⁵, Fredrick Schumacher⁹⁴, Ira Schwaab¹⁹⁶, Giulietta Scuvera¹⁷⁶, Thomas A Sellers¹⁷⁷, Gianluca Severi²⁰, Caroline M Seynaeve¹, Mitul Shah⁶⁶, Martha Shrubsole¹⁰⁹, Nadeem Siddiqui¹⁹⁷, Weiva Sieh¹⁵⁴, Jacques Simard⁷⁴, Christian F Singer²⁷, Olga M Sinilnikova¹⁹⁸, Dominiek Smeets¹³⁷, Christof Sohn¹⁹⁹, Maria Soller²⁰⁰, Honglin Song⁶⁶, Penny Soucy⁷⁴, Melissa C Southey²⁰¹, Christa Stegmaier²⁰², Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet²⁰³, Lara Sucheston⁹²; SWE-BRCA²⁰⁴; Anthony Swerdlow²⁰⁵, Ingvild L Tangen³¹, Muy-Kheng Tea²⁷, Manuel R Teixeira²⁰⁶, Kathryn L Terry⁵⁸, Mary Beth Terry²⁰⁷, Mads Thomassen²⁰⁸, Pamela J Thompson¹⁰², Laima Tihomirova²⁰⁹, Marc Tischkowitz²¹⁰, Amanda Ewart Toland²¹¹, Rob A E M Tollenaar²¹², Ian Tomlinson²¹³, Diana Torres²¹⁴, Thérèse Truong¹⁰⁷, Helen Tsimiklis²⁰¹, Nadine Tung²¹⁵, Shelley S Tworoger¹⁸², Jonathan P Tyrer⁶⁶, Celine M Vachon¹⁰⁸, Laura J Van 't Veer¹¹⁹, Anne M van Altena¹⁵², C J Van Asperen²¹⁶, David van den Berg⁹⁴, Ans M W van den Ouweland⁵⁴, Helena C van Doorn²¹⁷, Els Van Nieuwenhuysen¹³⁸, Elizabeth J van Rensburg⁷⁰, Ignace Vergote¹³⁸, Senno Verhoef¹¹⁹, Robert A Vierkant¹³⁹, Joseph Vijai¹²⁹, Allison F Vitonis²¹⁸, Anna von Wachenfeldt¹⁷, Christine Walsh¹²⁷, Qin Wang¹², Shan Wang-Gohrke²¹⁹, Barbara Wappenschmidt¹⁹⁴, Maren Weischer³⁵, Jeffrey N Weitzel¹¹⁵, Caroline Weltens²⁹, Nicolas Wentzensen⁴⁰, Alice S Whittemore¹⁵⁴, Lynne R Wilkens¹⁴³, Robert Winqvist¹⁸³, Anna H Wu⁹⁴, Xifeng Wu¹¹⁶, Hannah P Yang⁴⁰, Daniela Zaffaroni¹⁷⁶, M Pilar Zamora²²⁰, Wei Zheng¹⁰⁹, Argyrios Ziogas²²¹, Georgia Chenevix-Trench⁴, Paul D P Pharoah⁶⁶, Matti A Rookus²²², Maartje J Hooning¹, Ellen L Goode¹⁰⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
² Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: berch001@mc.duke.edu.
⁴ Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
⁵ Comprehensive Cancer Center The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁶ Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; University of Iceland, School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland.
⁷ Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁸ Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
⁹ Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
¹¹ N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus.
¹² Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
¹³ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
¹⁴ Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
¹⁶ Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁸ Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
¹⁹ Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia.
²⁰ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
²¹ Western Sydney and Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health Districts, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
²² Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
²³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
²⁴ Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG), Cologne, Germany.
²⁵ University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
²⁶ Centro Nacional de Genotipación, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
²⁸ Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
²⁹ Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Leuven, University of Leuven, Belgium.
³⁰ Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
³¹ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
³² Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
³³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
³⁴ Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
³⁵ Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁶ Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy.
³⁷ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
³⁸ Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
³⁹ Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA.
⁴⁰ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁴¹ Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
⁴² Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.
⁴³ Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany.
⁴⁴ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
⁴⁵ Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁴⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴⁷ Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴⁸ Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
⁴⁹ Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁵⁰ Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁵¹ Gynaecological Oncology, The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
⁵² Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁵³ Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
⁵⁴ Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
⁵⁵ Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁵⁷ Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
⁵⁸ Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁵⁹ Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
⁶⁰ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁶¹ International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical Academy, Szczecin, Poland.
⁶² INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.
⁶³ Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
⁶⁴ Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia; Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
⁶⁵ Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
⁶⁶ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁶⁷ Oncogenetics Laboratory, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁸ Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
⁶⁹ Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁷⁰ Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
⁷¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁷² Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
⁷³ Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.
⁷⁴ Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
⁷⁵ Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM-UVA), Valladolid, Spain.
⁷⁶ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁷⁷ Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁷⁸ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁷⁹ Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
⁸⁰ Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁸¹ Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
⁸² Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁸³ University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁸⁴ Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸⁵ Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
⁸⁶ Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA; New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
⁸⁷ Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy; Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy.
⁸⁸ Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
⁸⁹ Kansas IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence Bioinformatics Core, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
⁹⁰ University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁹¹ The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
⁹² Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
⁹³ Center for Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
⁹⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁹⁵ GEMO Study: National Cancer Genetics Network, UNICANCER Genetic Group, France.
⁹⁶ Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁹⁷ Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, UCL, London, UK.
⁹⁸ Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁹⁹ Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁰⁰ Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰¹ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
¹⁰² Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁰³ Gynecological Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
¹⁰⁴ Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
¹⁰⁵ Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹⁰⁶ Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
¹⁰⁷ INSERM U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France; University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France.
¹⁰⁸ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁰⁹ Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
¹¹⁰ Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
¹¹¹ Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹² Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
¹¹³ The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹¹⁴ University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, Germany.
¹¹⁵ Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
¹¹⁶ Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹¹⁷ Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹⁸ Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹⁹ Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹²⁰ N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.
¹²¹ Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
¹²² Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, State Research Centre Institute for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
¹²³ Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
¹²⁴ Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹²⁵ Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹²⁶ Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹²⁷ Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹²⁸ School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.
¹²⁹ Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹³⁰ kConFab: Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer - Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia.
¹³¹ Department of Population Health Research, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
¹³² School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
¹³³ Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹³⁴ Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹³⁵ Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹³⁶ Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), Universitetet i Oslo, Norway.
¹³⁷ Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³⁸ Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³⁹ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁴⁰ Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
¹⁴¹ Université Paris Sorbonne Cité, UMR-S775 Inserm, Paris, France.
¹⁴² Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
¹⁴³ Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
¹⁴⁴ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁴⁵ College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁴⁶ Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁴⁷ Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
¹⁴⁸ Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁴⁹ Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁵⁰ Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁵¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵² Department of Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹⁵³ Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique et Service d'Onco-hématologie, Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, CHRU Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
¹⁵⁴ Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
¹⁵⁵ Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁵⁶ Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁵⁷ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
¹⁵⁸ Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain.
¹⁵⁹ Department of Surgical Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
¹⁶⁰ Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹⁶¹ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
¹⁶² Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
¹⁶³ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁶⁴ Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁶⁵ The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁶⁶ Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
¹⁶⁷ Department of Medicine and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁶⁸ Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁶⁹ Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
¹⁷⁰ Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
¹⁷¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁷² University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands.
¹⁷³ Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
¹⁷⁴ Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
¹⁷⁵ Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
¹⁷⁶ Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.
¹⁷⁷ Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
¹⁷⁸ Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy.
¹⁷⁹ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁸⁰ NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
¹⁸¹ Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁸² Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁸³ Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹⁸⁴ Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.
¹⁸⁵ Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹⁸⁶ Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel; Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
¹⁸⁷ Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
¹⁸⁸ NorthShore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA.
¹⁸⁹ Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
¹⁹⁰ Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
¹⁹¹ Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁹² Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, London, UK.
¹⁹³ Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
¹⁹⁴ Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
¹⁹⁵ Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
¹⁹⁶ Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany.
¹⁹⁷ Department of Gynecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁹⁸ INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
¹⁹⁹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
²⁰⁰ Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
²⁰¹ Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
²⁰² Saarland Cancer Registry, Saarbrücken, Germany.
²⁰³ Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France; Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
²⁰⁴ Department of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
²⁰⁵ Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
²⁰⁶ Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal.
²⁰⁷ Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
²⁰⁸ Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
²⁰⁹ Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.
²¹⁰ Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²¹¹ Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
²¹² Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
²¹³ Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
²¹⁴ Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia.
²¹⁵ Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
²¹⁶ Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
²¹⁷ Department of Gynecology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
²¹⁸ Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²¹⁹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
²²⁰ Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
²²¹ Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
²²² Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

PMID: 25940428
PMCID: PMC4630206
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.04.034

Review

No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer

Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, and Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 et al. Gynecol Oncol. 2016 May.

. 2016 May;141(2):386-401.

doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.04.034. Epub 2015 May 2.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
² Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: berch001@mc.duke.edu.
⁴ Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
⁵ Comprehensive Cancer Center The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁶ Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; University of Iceland, School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland.
⁷ Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁸ Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
⁹ Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
¹¹ N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus.
¹² Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
¹³ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
¹⁴ Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
¹⁶ Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁸ Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
¹⁹ Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia.
²⁰ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
²¹ Western Sydney and Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health Districts, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
²² Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
²³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
²⁴ Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG), Cologne, Germany.
²⁵ University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
²⁶ Centro Nacional de Genotipación, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
²⁸ Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
²⁹ Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Leuven, University of Leuven, Belgium.
³⁰ Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
³¹ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
³² Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
³³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
³⁴ Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.
³⁵ Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁶ Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy.
³⁷ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
³⁸ Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
³⁹ Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA.
⁴⁰ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁴¹ Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
⁴² Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.
⁴³ Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany.
⁴⁴ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
⁴⁵ Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁴⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴⁷ Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴⁸ Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
⁴⁹ Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
⁵⁰ Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁵¹ Gynaecological Oncology, The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
⁵² Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁵³ Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
⁵⁴ Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
⁵⁵ Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁵⁷ Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
⁵⁸ Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁵⁹ Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
⁶⁰ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁶¹ International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical Academy, Szczecin, Poland.
⁶² INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.
⁶³ Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
⁶⁴ Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia; Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
⁶⁵ Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
⁶⁶ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁶⁷ Oncogenetics Laboratory, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁸ Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
⁶⁹ Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁷⁰ Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
⁷¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁷² Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
⁷³ Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.
⁷⁴ Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
⁷⁵ Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM-UVA), Valladolid, Spain.
⁷⁶ Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁷⁷ Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁷⁸ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁷⁹ Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
⁸⁰ Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁸¹ Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
⁸² Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁸³ University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁸⁴ Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸⁵ Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
⁸⁶ Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA; New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
⁸⁷ Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy; Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy.
⁸⁸ Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece.
⁸⁹ Kansas IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence Bioinformatics Core, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
⁹⁰ University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁹¹ The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
⁹² Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
⁹³ Center for Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
⁹⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁹⁵ GEMO Study: National Cancer Genetics Network, UNICANCER Genetic Group, France.
⁹⁶ Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
⁹⁷ Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, UCL, London, UK.
⁹⁸ Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁹⁹ Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁰⁰ Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁰¹ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
¹⁰² Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁰³ Gynecological Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
¹⁰⁴ Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
¹⁰⁵ Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹⁰⁶ Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
¹⁰⁷ INSERM U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France; University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France.
¹⁰⁸ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁰⁹ Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
¹¹⁰ Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
¹¹¹ Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹² Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
¹¹³ The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹¹⁴ University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, Germany.
¹¹⁵ Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
¹¹⁶ Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹¹⁷ Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹⁸ Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹¹⁹ Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹²⁰ N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.
¹²¹ Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
¹²² Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, State Research Centre Institute for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
¹²³ Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
¹²⁴ Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹²⁵ Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹²⁶ Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹²⁷ Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹²⁸ School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.
¹²⁹ Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹³⁰ kConFab: Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer - Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia.
¹³¹ Department of Population Health Research, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
¹³² School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
¹³³ Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹³⁴ Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹³⁵ Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹³⁶ Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), Universitetet i Oslo, Norway.
¹³⁷ Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³⁸ Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³⁹ Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁴⁰ Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
¹⁴¹ Université Paris Sorbonne Cité, UMR-S775 Inserm, Paris, France.
¹⁴² Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
¹⁴³ Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
¹⁴⁴ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁴⁵ College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁴⁶ Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁴⁷ Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
¹⁴⁸ Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁴⁹ Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁵⁰ Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁵¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
¹⁵² Department of Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹⁵³ Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique et Service d'Onco-hématologie, Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, CHRU Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
¹⁵⁴ Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
¹⁵⁵ Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁵⁶ Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁵⁷ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
¹⁵⁸ Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain.
¹⁵⁹ Department of Surgical Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
¹⁶⁰ Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹⁶¹ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
¹⁶² Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
¹⁶³ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁶⁴ Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹⁶⁵ The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
¹⁶⁶ Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
¹⁶⁷ Department of Medicine and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁶⁸ Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁶⁹ Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
¹⁷⁰ Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
¹⁷¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁷² University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands.
¹⁷³ Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
¹⁷⁴ Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
¹⁷⁵ Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
¹⁷⁶ Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.
¹⁷⁷ Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
¹⁷⁸ Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy.
¹⁷⁹ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁸⁰ NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
¹⁸¹ Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁸² Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁸³ Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
¹⁸⁴ Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.
¹⁸⁵ Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹⁸⁶ Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel; Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
¹⁸⁷ Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
¹⁸⁸ NorthShore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA.
¹⁸⁹ Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
¹⁹⁰ Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
¹⁹¹ Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁹² Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, London, UK.
¹⁹³ Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
¹⁹⁴ Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
¹⁹⁵ Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
¹⁹⁶ Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany.
¹⁹⁷ Department of Gynecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁹⁸ INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
¹⁹⁹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
²⁰⁰ Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
²⁰¹ Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
²⁰² Saarland Cancer Registry, Saarbrücken, Germany.
²⁰³ Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France; Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
²⁰⁴ Department of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
²⁰⁵ Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
²⁰⁶ Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal.
²⁰⁷ Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
²⁰⁸ Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
²⁰⁹ Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.
²¹⁰ Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²¹¹ Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
²¹² Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
²¹³ Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
²¹⁴ Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia.
²¹⁵ Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
²¹⁶ Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
²¹⁷ Department of Gynecology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
²¹⁸ Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²¹⁹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
²²⁰ Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
²²¹ Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
²²² Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

PMID: 25940428
PMCID: PMC4630206
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.04.034

Abstract

Objective: Clinical genetic testing is commercially available for rs61764370, an inherited variant residing in a KRAS 3' UTR microRNA binding site, based on suggested associations with increased ovarian and breast cancer risk as well as with survival time. However, prior studies, emphasizing particular subgroups, were relatively small. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated ovarian and breast cancer risks as well as clinical outcome associated with rs61764370.

Methods: Centralized genotyping and analysis were performed for 140,012 women enrolled in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (15,357 ovarian cancer patients; 30,816 controls), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (33,530 breast cancer patients; 37,640 controls), and the Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (14,765 BRCA1 and 7904 BRCA2 mutation carriers).

Results: We found no association with risk of ovarian cancer (OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04, p=0.74) or breast cancer (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.01, p=0.19) and results were consistent among mutation carriers (BRCA1, ovarian cancer HR=1.09, 95% CI 0.97-1.23, p=0.14, breast cancer HR=1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.12, p=0.27; BRCA2, ovarian cancer HR=0.89, 95% CI 0.71-1.13, p=0.34, breast cancer HR=1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.19, p=0.35). Null results were also obtained for associations with overall survival following ovarian cancer (HR=0.94, 95% CI 0.83-1.07, p=0.38), breast cancer (HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06, p=0.38), and all other previously-reported associations.

Conclusions: rs61764370 is not associated with risk of ovarian or breast cancer nor with clinical outcome for patients with these cancers. Therefore, genotyping this variant has no clinical utility related to the prediction or management of these cancers.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Clinical outcome; Genetic association; KRAS variant; Ovarian cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Antoinette Hollestelle and Ellen L Goode had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
Regional association plots for variants within the genomic region 100 kb either side of *KRAS* and risk of ovarian and breast cancer. X-axis position is referent to position (bp) on chromosome 12, build GRCh37.p12; yellow line indicates position of *KRAS*; red triangle indicates rs61764370. Y-axis is — log₁₀(p-values) from association tests for risk of A) ER-negative breast cancer, B) ER-positive breast cancer, C) breast cancer in *BRCA1* mutation carriers, D) breast cancer in *BRCA2* mutation carriers, E) epithelial ovarian cancer, F) epithelial ovarian cancer in *BRCA1* mutation carriers, and G) epithelial ovarian cancer in *BRCA2* mutation carriers. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

**Fig. 2**
Power curve for modest risk variants according to the total sample size. X-axis is total sample size for which case–control ratio is 1:1. Y-axis is the statistical power (range 0 · 5–1 · 0) for variants given a range of risks, assuming alpha = 0 · 01 and minor allele frequency 0 · 09.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer

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No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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