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. 2015 Dec;27(8):1443-61.
doi: 10.1177/0898264315584329. Epub 2015 May 7.

Long-Term BMI Trajectories and Health in Older Adults: Hierarchical Clustering of Functional Curves

Anna Zajacova  1 , Snehalata Huzurbazar  2 , Mark Greenwood  3 , Huong Nguyen  4
Affiliations

Long-Term BMI Trajectories and Health in Older Adults: Hierarchical Clustering of Functional Curves

Anna Zajacova et al. J Aging Health. 2015 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: This project contributes to the emerging research that aims to identify distinct body mass index (BMI) trajectory types in the population. We identify clusters of long-term BMI curves among older adults and determine how the clusters differ with respect to initial health.

Method: Health and Retirement Study cohort (N = 9,893) with BMI information collected in up to 10 waves (1992-2010) is analyzed using a powerful cutting-edge approach: hierarchical clustering of BMI functions estimated via the Principal Analysis by Conditional Expectations (PACE) algorithm.

Results: Three BMI trajectory clusters emerged for each gender: stable, gaining, and losing. The initial health of the gaining and stable groups in both genders was comparable; the losing cluster experienced significantly poorer health at baseline.

Discussion: BMI trajectories among older adults cluster into distinct types in both genders, and the clusters vary substantially in initial health. Weight loss but not gain is associated with poor initial health in this age group.

Keywords: BMI trajectories; BMI trajectory clusters; functional data analysis; health; older adults.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mean BMI trajectories in the three clusters, by sex.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Individual BMI curves in each cluster and mean cluster trajectory, females. Note. BMI = body mass index.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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