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. 2015 Jun;2(2):110-119.
doi: 10.1007/s40471-015-0042-8.

Update on the Epidemiology and Prevention of HIV/AIDS in the United States

Amanda D Castel  1 , Manya Magnus  1 , Alan E Greenberg  1
Affiliations

Update on the Epidemiology and Prevention of HIV/AIDS in the United States

Amanda D Castel et al. Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2015 Jun.

Abstract

This update on the epidemiology and prevention of HIV in the United States is intended to provide contextual background that will help inform an understanding of recent developments in the domestic HIV epidemic. We describe the epidemiology of HIV disease in the US and the HIV continuum of care based on data collected primarily through HIV surveillance systems led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention including HIV incidence, prevalence, comorbidities and death. Populations and geographic regions disparately impacted by HIV are also highlighted. The HIV prevention armamentarium is also described including behavioral approaches to prevention, the emerging availability of biomedical prevention interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, and structural and population-level interventions including treatment as prevention. Finally gaps in our understanding of the epidemic are underscored and suggestions for future epidemiologic research are proposed.

Keywords: HIV; biomedical; care continuum; epidemiology; prevention; surveillance; treatment as prevention.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Maps are from AIDSVu (www.aidsvu.org) and highlight the disproportionate impact of HIV by geographic region (Map A), by race (Map B), by mode of HIV transmission for males and females (Maps C and D, respectively).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. United States. National HIV/AIDS Strategy: Federal Implementation Plan. 2010. Washington, D.C.: White House Office of National AIDS Policy; 2010. Office of National AIDS Policy. This document outlines the implementaiton strategy for the first national HIV AIDS Strategy for the United States.

    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High-Impact HIV Prevention: CDC’s Approach to Reducing HIV Infections in the United States. Atlanta, GA: 2011.

    1. Cheever Laura. Outreach: Engaging People in HIV Care: Summary of a HRSA/HAB 2005 Consultation on Linking PLWH Into Care. 2006 This is the first documentation of the HIV care continuum and laid the foundation for current approaches to monitoring HIV care and treatment outcomes.

    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital Signs: HIV Diagnosis, Care, and Treatment Among Persons Living with HIV – United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Nov 28;63(47):1113–1117. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Executive Order--HIV Care Continuum Initiative [press release] Vol. 2013. Washington, DC: 2013. Jul 15,

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