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. 2015 Apr 29:(3):e4162.
doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4162. eCollection 2015.

A preliminary inventory of the catfishes of the lower Rio Nhamundá, Brazil (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes)

Rupert A Collins  1 , Emanuell Duarte Ribeiro  2 , Valéria Nogueira Machado  3 , Tomas Hrbek  1 , Izeni Pires Farias  1
Affiliations

A preliminary inventory of the catfishes of the lower Rio Nhamundá, Brazil (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes)

Rupert A Collins et al. Biodivers Data J. .

Abstract

The Rio Nhamundá is a poorly-known clearwater river draining the southern Guiana Shield of Brazil. In this study we report the findings of a preliminary ichthyological survey, focusing on catfishes (Siluriformes). We identify a total of 36 species (31 genera, seven families) from the Nhamundá, including 11 species already recorded from the river. Overall, our survey results show that even rapid surveys can provide important information on Amazon fish biodiversity, suggesting potential new species, providing range extensions for nominal species, and additionally highlighting taxa in need of taxonomic revision and genetic study. As well as the traditional forms of data collected on biodiversity surveys (i.e. preserved specimen vouchers), our study also provides "new" types of data in the form of DNA barcodes and images of fishes exhibiting colouration in life, information that will be invaluable in future work addressing difficult groups. O Rio Nhamundá é um rio de água clara, pouco conhecido, que drena parte do Escudo das Guianas em território brasileiro. Nesse estudo, nós reportamos os resultados de um levantamento ictiofaunístico preliminar dessa área, tendo como foco os bagres (Siluriformes). Nós identificamos um total de 36 espécies (31 gêneros, sete famílias) provenientes de nossa coleta, e adicionamos 11 espécies já conhecidas para o rio. De maneira geral, os resultados de nossa pesquisa mostram que mesmo levantamentos rápidos podem gerar informações importantes sobre a biodiversidade de peixes amazônicos, sugerindo potenciais espécies novas, ampliando a área de distribuição de espécies, além de apontar a necessidade de revisões taxonômicas e estudos genéticos para alguns taxa. Para além das formas tradicionais de dados coletados em pesquisas de biodiversidade (i.e. espécimes preservados), nosso estudo fornece "novas" formas de dados, como DNA barcodes e imagens com o padrão de coloração dos espécimes vivos, informações essas que serão de valor inestimável para futuros estudos que abordem grupos taxonômicos difíceis.

Keywords: Amazon; Biodiversity; Checklist; Guiana Shield; Ichthyology.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Location of the Rio Nhamundá and neighbouring rivers. Inset shows wider Amazon region. Map was created in QGIS (http://www.qgis.org/).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Location of sampling sites on the Rio Nhamundá. Map was created with the R package ggmap (Kahle and Wickham 2013).
Figure 3a.
Figure 3a.
Narrow upstream section near sample site NH05.
Figure 3b.
Figure 3b.
Lake-like lower section at the town of Nhamundá, near sample site NH01.
Figure 4a.
Figure 4a.
Exposed laterite boulders at sampling site NH01.
Figure 4b.
Figure 4b.
Underwater view of rocks and substrate at sampling site NH01.
Figure 4c.
Figure 4c.
Exposed laterite boulders at sampling site NH12.
Figure 4d.
Figure 4d.
River near sampling site NH04.
Figure 4e.
Figure 4e.
Underwater view of woody substrates at sampling site NH04 (with Peckoltia cf. vittata visible).
Figure 4f.
Figure 4f.
Fast current flowing over exposed bedrock at sampling site NH08.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Auchenipterichthys longimanus live colouration (130.0 mm SL; INPA 43874; UFAM:CTGA:14501).
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Tatia aff. musaica live colouration (47.8 mm SL; INPA 43875; UFAM:CTGA:14508).
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Tatia nigra live colouration (101.0 mm SL; INPA 43876; UFAM:CTGA:14503).
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Trachycorystes trachycorystes live colouration (305.0 mm SL; INPA 43897; UFAM:CTGA:14429). Image flipped horizontally.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Astrodoras asterifrons live colouration (69.7 mm SL; INPA 43868; UFAM:CTGA:14540)
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Scorpiodoras heckelii juvenile, live colouration (30.1 mm SL; INPA 43872; UFAM:CTGA:14538).
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Goeldiella eques live colouration (134.0 mm SL; INPA 43873; UFAM:CTGA:14537).
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Pimelodella sp. live colouration (48.9 mm SL; INPA 43890; UFAM:CTGA:14290).
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Hypoptopoma incognitum live colouration (83.9 mm SL; INPA 43865; UFAM:CTGA:14310).
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Ancistrus dolichopterus live colouration (87.8 mm SL; INPA 43877; UFAM:CTGA:14490).
Figure 15a.
Figure 15a.
Lateral view.
Figure 15b.
Figure 15b.
Dorsal view showing body shape.
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
Dekeyseria scaphirhyncha live colouration (178.3 mm SL; INPA 43884; UFAM:CTGA:14311).
Figure 17a.
Figure 17a.
Lateral view, 68.6 mm SL.
Figure 17b.
Figure 17b.
Lateral view, 60.8 mm SL.
Figure 17c.
Figure 17c.
Lateral view, 73.1 mm SL. Image flipped horizontally.
Figure 17d.
Figure 17d.
Lateral view, 64.3 mm SL.
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
Hypostomus carinatus live colouration (196.4 mm SL; INPA 43879; UFAM:CTGA:14317).
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
Hypostomus macushi live colouration (75.4 mm SL; INPA 46973; UFAM:CTGA:14425).
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
Lasiancistrus schomburgkii live colouration (45.2 mm SL; INPA 43886; UFAM:CTGA:14329).
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
Leporacanthicus galaxias live colouration (207.0 mm SL; INPA 43880; UFAM:CTGA:14488)
Figure 22a.
Figure 22a.
Lateral view (102.5 mm SL; INPA 43869; UFAM:CTGA:14546).
Figure 22b.
Figure 22b.
Ventral view (102.5 mm SL; INPA 43869; UFAM:CTGA:14546).
Figure 22c.
Figure 22c.
Lateral view (99.7 mm SL; INPA 43894; UFAM:CTGA:14334).
Figure 22d.
Figure 22d.
Ventral view (99.7 mm SL; INPA 43894; UFAM:CTGA:14334).
Figure 22e.
Figure 22e.
Lateral view (115.6 mm SL; INPA 43881; UFAM:CTGA:14316).
Figure 22f.
Figure 22f.
Ventral view (115.6 mm SL; INPA 43881; UFAM:CTGA:14316).
Figure 23.
Figure 23.
Pseudolithoxus sp. "INPA 43888" live colouration of juvenile (72.6 mm SL; INPA 43889; UFAM:CTGA:14486).
Figure 24.
Figure 24.
Farlowella nattereri live colouration (199.8 mm SL; INPA 43891; UFAM:CTGA:14331).
Figure 25.
Figure 25.
Farlowella nattereri caudal fin (INPA 43891; UFAM:CTGA:14331).
Figure 26.
Figure 26.
Loricaria cataphracta live colouration (144.3 mm SL; INPA 43893; UFAM:CTGA:14332). Image flipped horizontally.
Figure 27.
Figure 27.
Pseudoloricaria laeviuscula live colouration (216.4 mm SL; INPA 43870; UFAM:CTGA:14542).
Figure 28.
Figure 28.
Rineloricaria lanceolata live colouration (86.8 mm SL; INPA 43896; UFAM:CTGA:14330).
Figure 29.
Figure 29.
Calophysus macropterus live colouration (254.0 mm SL; INPA 43871; UFAM:CTGA:14531).
Figure 30.
Figure 30.
Phractocephalus hemioliopterus live colouration (approx 100 cm SL; UFAM:CTGA:14459). Voucher not retained.
Figure 31.
Figure 31.
Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum live colouration (front specimen 46 cm SL). Vouchers not retained.
Figure 32.
Figure 32.
Batrochoglanis villosus live colouration (176.0 mm SL; INPA 43882; UFAM:CTGA:14497).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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