Congenital pulmonary airway malformation: A report of two cases

Abstract

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital disorder of the lung similar to bronchopulmonary sequestration. In CPAM, usually an entire lobe of lung is replaced by a non-working cystic piece of abnormal lung tissue. This abnormal tissue will never function as normal lung tissue. The underlying cause for CPAM is not known. It occurs in approximately 1 in every 30000 pregnancies. The association between CPAM and malignancy has been well documented. There is a small risk (0.7%) of malignant transformation within the cyst. So early diagnosis and surgical resection is important to prevent the grave complications. Herein, we are reporting two interesting cases of CPAM and one belonged to Type II and other belonged to Type III of Stocker's classification.

Keywords: Congenital pulmonary airway malformation-Type II; Congenital pulmonary airway malformation-Type III; Surgical resection.

Figure 1

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation Type III-Cut section of lung showing solid areas with few slit like spaces with focal areas of haemorrhages.

Figure 2

Photomicrograph showing congenital pulmonary airway malformation Type III with pneumonia. Neutrophilic infiltrate in alveoli and cystic spaces. (HE × high power).

Figure 3

Photomicrograph showing congenital pulmonary airway malformation Type II-Bronchiole like structures are lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium with back-to-back arrangement (HE × high power).